Biomaterial Database

Sleep and dreaming: induction and mediation of REM sleep by cholinergic mechanisms. 1992

J A Hobson

Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.

The most important recent work on the neurobiology of sleep has focused on the precise cellular and biochemical mechanisms of rapid eye movement sleep mediation. Direct and indirect evidence implicates acetylcholine-containing neurons in the peribrachial pons as critical in the triggering and maintenance of rapid eye movement sleep. Other new studies provide support for the hypothesis that the cholinergic generator system is gated during waking by serotonergic and noradrenergic influences. A growing consensus regarding the basic neurobiology has stimulated new thinking about the brain basis of consciousness during waking and dreaming.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007395	Interneurons	Most generally any NEURONS which are not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose AXONS remain within a particular brain region in contrast to projection neurons, which have axons projecting to other brain regions.	Intercalated Neurons,Intercalated Neuron,Interneuron,Neuron, Intercalated,Neurons, Intercalated
D008959	Models, Neurological	Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the neurological system, processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.	Neurologic Models,Model, Neurological,Neurologic Model,Neurological Model,Neurological Models,Model, Neurologic,Models, Neurologic
D009778	Occipital Lobe	Posterior portion of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES responsible for processing visual sensory information. It is located posterior to the parieto-occipital sulcus and extends to the preoccipital notch.	Annectant Gyrus,Calcarine Fissure,Calcarine Sulcus,Cuneate Lobule,Cuneus,Cuneus Cortex,Cuneus Gyrus,Gyrus Lingualis,Lingual Gyrus,Lunate Sulcus,Medial Occipitotemporal Gyrus,Occipital Cortex,Occipital Gyrus,Occipital Region,Occipital Sulcus,Sulcus Calcarinus,Calcarine Fissures,Calcarinus, Sulcus,Cortex, Cuneus,Cortex, Occipital,Cortices, Cuneus,Cortices, Occipital,Cuneate Lobules,Cuneus Cortices,Fissure, Calcarine,Fissures, Calcarine,Gyrus Linguali,Gyrus, Annectant,Gyrus, Cuneus,Gyrus, Lingual,Gyrus, Medial Occipitotemporal,Gyrus, Occipital,Linguali, Gyrus,Lingualis, Gyrus,Lobe, Occipital,Lobes, Occipital,Lobule, Cuneate,Lobules, Cuneate,Occipital Cortices,Occipital Lobes,Occipital Regions,Occipitotemporal Gyrus, Medial,Region, Occipital,Regions, Occipital,Sulcus, Calcarine,Sulcus, Lunate,Sulcus, Occipital
D011149	Pons	The front part of the hindbrain (RHOMBENCEPHALON) that lies between the MEDULLA and the midbrain (MESENCEPHALON) ventral to the cerebellum. It is composed of two parts, the dorsal and the ventral. The pons serves as a relay station for neural pathways between the CEREBELLUM to the CEREBRUM.	Pons Varolii,Ponte,Pons Varolius,Pontes,Varolii, Pons,Varolius, Pons
D011903	Raphe Nuclei	Collections of small neurons centrally scattered among many fibers from the level of the TROCHLEAR NUCLEUS in the midbrain to the hypoglossal area in the MEDULLA OBLONGATA.	Caudal Linear Nucleus of the Raphe,Interfascicular Nucleus,Nucleus Incertus,Rostral Linear Nucleus of Raphe,Rostral Linear Nucleus of the Raphe,Superior Central Nucleus,Central Nucleus, Superior,Incertus, Nucleus,Nuclei, Raphe,Nucleus, Interfascicular,Nucleus, Raphe,Nucleus, Superior Central,Raphe Nucleus
D012154	Reticular Formation	A region extending from the PONS & MEDULLA OBLONGATA through the MESENCEPHALON, characterized by a diversity of neurons of various sizes and shapes, arranged in different aggregations and enmeshed in a complicated fiber network.	Formation, Reticular,Formations, Reticular,Reticular Formations
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D002799	Cholinergic Fibers	Nerve fibers liberating acetylcholine at the synapse after an impulse.	Cholinergic Fiber,Fiber, Cholinergic,Fibers, Cholinergic
D004325	Dreams	A series of thoughts, images, or emotions occurring during sleep which are dissociated from the usual stream of consciousness of the waking state.	Nightmares,Dream,Nightmare
D004525	Efferent Pathways	Nerve structures through which impulses are conducted from a nerve center toward a peripheral site. Such impulses are conducted via efferent neurons (NEURONS, EFFERENT), such as MOTOR NEURONS, autonomic neurons, and hypophyseal neurons.	Motor Pathways,Efferent Pathway,Pathway, Efferent,Pathways, Efferent