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Elevated frontal cerebral blood flow in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: a 99Tcm-HMPAO SPECT study. 1992

M S George, and M R Trimble, and D C Costa, and M M Robertson, and H A Ring, and P J Ell
Biological Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.

Case reports, numerous brain imaging studies, and certain disease states suggest that the orbital frontal cortex and the striatum are dysfunctional in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Interest has also grown recently concerning the genetic, neuroanatomic, and clinical links between OCD, chronic motor tics, and Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS). To test the hypothesis of possible orbito-frontal/basal ganglia dysfunction in GTS, similar to OCD, we studied 20 unmedicated GTS subjects, 10 of whom also had comorbid OCD (GTS/OCD), and 8 control subjects. The subjects were examined with high-resolution single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and the labeled regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) ligand technetium-99m-d,l-hexamethyl-propylene amine oxime (99Tcm-HMPAO). As a group, GTS subjects showed significantly elevated right frontal/visual cortex activity (mean = 0.879, SD = 0.107) compared with control subjects (mean = 0.798, SD = 0.049). A subanalysis comparing simple GTS versus GTS with comorbid OCD failed to reveal significant differences in regional flow.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009771 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, persistent obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are the intrusive ideas, thoughts, or images that are experienced as senseless or repugnant. Compulsions are repetitive and seemingly purposeful behavior which the individual generally recognizes as senseless and from which the individual does not derive pleasure although it may provide a release from tension. Anankastic Personality,Neurosis, Obsessive-Compulsive,Anankastic Personalities,Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive,Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive,Neuroses, Obsessive-Compulsive,Neurosis, Obsessive Compulsive,Obsessive Compulsive Disorder,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders,Obsessive-Compulsive Neuroses,Obsessive-Compulsive Neurosis,Personalities, Anankastic,Personality, Anankastic
D010091 Oximes Compounds that contain the radical R2C Aldoximes,Hydroxyimino Compounds,Ketoxime,Ketoximes,Oxime,Compounds, Hydroxyimino
D012039 Regional Blood Flow The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body. Blood Flow, Regional,Blood Flows, Regional,Flow, Regional Blood,Flows, Regional Blood,Regional Blood Flows
D004292 Dominance, Cerebral Dominance of one cerebral hemisphere over the other in cerebral functions. Cerebral Dominance,Hemispheric Specialization,Dominances, Cerebral,Specialization, Hemispheric
D005260 Female Females
D005625 Frontal Lobe The part of the cerebral hemisphere anterior to the central sulcus, and anterior and superior to the lateral sulcus. Brodmann Area 8,Brodmann's Area 8,Frontal Cortex,Frontal Eye Fields,Lobus Frontalis,Supplementary Eye Field,Area 8, Brodmann,Area 8, Brodmann's,Brodmanns Area 8,Cortex, Frontal,Eye Field, Frontal,Eye Field, Supplementary,Eye Fields, Frontal,Frontal Cortices,Frontal Eye Field,Frontal Lobes,Lobe, Frontal,Supplementary Eye Fields
D005879 Tourette Syndrome A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission involving frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits. Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics need to be present with TICS occurring many times a day, nearly daily, over a period of more than one year. The onset is before age 18 and the disturbance is not due to direct physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition. The disturbance causes marked distress or significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. (From DSM-IV, 1994; Neurol Clin 1997 May;15(2):357-79) Gilles de la Tourette Disorder,Gilles de la Tourette's Disease,Tic Disorder, Combined Vocal and Multiple Motor,Chronic Motor and Vocal Tic Disorder,Combined Multiple Motor and Vocal Tic Disorder,Combined Vocal and Multiple Motor Tic Disorder,Gilles De La Tourette's Syndrome,Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome,Multiple Motor and Vocal Tic Disorder, Combined,Tourette Disease,Tourette Disorder,Tourette's Disease,Tourette's Disorder,Tourette's Syndrome,Syndrome, Tourette,Tourettes Disease,Tourettes Disorder,Tourettes Syndrome
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

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