Biomaterial Database

Distribution of xylanase genes and enzymes among strains of Prevotella (Bacteroides) ruminicola from the rumen. 1992

G Avgustin, and H J Flint, and T R Whitehead

Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, UK.

The distribution of two xylanase genes was examined by Southern hybridization among 26 strains of the rumen anaerobic bacterium Prevotella (Bacteroides) ruminicola. Hybridization with a xylanase/endoglucanase gene from the type strain 23 was found in six strains while hybridization with a xylanase gene from strain D31d was found in 14 strains. Sequences related to both genes were present, on different restriction fragments, in six strains, whereas no hybridization to either gene was detected in five other strains capable of hydrolysing xylan, or in seven strains that showed little or no xylanase activity. Zymogram analyses of seven xylanolytic strains of P. ruminicola demonstrated interstrain variation in the apparent molecular masses of the major xylanases and carboxymethylcellulases that could be renatured following SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010957	Plasmids	Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.	Episomes,Episome,Plasmid
D002480	Cellulase	An endocellulase with specificity for the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-glucosidic linkages in CELLULOSE, lichenin, and cereal beta-glucans.	Endo-1,4-beta-Glucanase,Cellulysin,Endoglucanase,Endoglucanase A,Endoglucanase C,Endoglucanase E,Endoglucanase IV,Endoglucanase Y,beta-1,4-Glucan-4-Glucanohydrolase,Endo 1,4 beta Glucanase,beta 1,4 Glucan 4 Glucanohydrolase
D005798	Genes, Bacterial	The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.	Bacterial Gene,Bacterial Genes,Gene, Bacterial
D006026	Glycoside Hydrolases	Any member of the class of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of the glycosidic linkage of glycosides and the addition of water to the resulting molecules.	Endoglycosidase,Exoglycosidase,Glycohydrolase,Glycosidase,Glycosidases,Glycoside Hydrolase,Endoglycosidases,Exoglycosidases,Glycohydrolases,Hydrolase, Glycoside,Hydrolases, Glycoside
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001439	Bacteroides	A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. Its organisms are normal inhabitants of the oral, respiratory, intestinal, and urogenital cavities of humans, animals, and insects. Some species may be pathogenic.
D012417	Rumen	The first stomach of ruminants. It lies on the left side of the body, occupying the whole of the left side of the abdomen and even stretching across the median plane of the body to the right side. It is capacious, divided into an upper and a lower sac, each of which has a blind sac at its posterior extremity. The rumen is lined by mucous membrane containing no digestive glands, but mucus-secreting glands are present in large numbers. Coarse, partially chewed food is stored and churned in the rumen until the animal finds circumstances convenient for rumination. When this occurs, little balls of food are regurgitated through the esophagus into the mouth, and are subjected to a second more thorough mastication, swallowed, and passed on into other parts of the compound stomach. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)	Rumens
D013045	Species Specificity	The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.	Species Specificities,Specificities, Species,Specificity, Species
D043325	Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase	A xylosidase that catalyses the random hydrolysis of 1,3-beta-D-xylosidic linkages in 1,3-beta-D-xylans.	Endo-1,3-beta-Xylanase,Endo 1,3 beta Xylanase,Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase, Xylan,Xylan Endo 1,3 beta Xylosidase