-transparent.png){kind=logo}
OBJECTIVE To determine whether human adrenal cells can be infected by HIV. METHODS Cultured human fetal adrenal cells and the SW13 human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line were inoculated with several HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains. Virus replication was detected by viral core antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent and reverse transcriptase assays. CD4 expression was measured by Northern blot and polymerase chain reaction procedures. RESULTS HIV infection of these adrenal cells was detected and was most evident after cocultivation of the inoculated cells with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Infection does not involve the CD4 molecule, which is not expressed by these adrenal cells. The relative level of HIV replication depended on the viral strain used. Virus production occurred best in cells that maintained evidence of adrenal cell function. Infection did not appear to disturb steroidogenesis measured in the cells. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate that human adrenal cells are susceptible to HIV infection, and provide further evidence of the polytropic nature of the virus.
A Barboza, and
B A Castro, and
M Whalen, and
C C Moore, and
J S Parkin, and
W L Miller, and
F Gonzalez-Scarano, and
J A Levy
February 1996,
Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae,
A Barboza, and
B A Castro, and
M Whalen, and
C C Moore, and
J S Parkin, and
W L Miller, and
F Gonzalez-Scarano, and
J A Levy
October 1993,
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,
A Barboza, and
B A Castro, and
M Whalen, and
C C Moore, and
J S Parkin, and
W L Miller, and
F Gonzalez-Scarano, and
J A Levy
March 1995,
Journal of virological methods,
A Barboza, and
B A Castro, and
M Whalen, and
C C Moore, and
J S Parkin, and
W L Miller, and
F Gonzalez-Scarano, and
J A Levy
January 1989,
Microbiology and immunology,
A Barboza, and
B A Castro, and
M Whalen, and
C C Moore, and
J S Parkin, and
W L Miller, and
F Gonzalez-Scarano, and
J A Levy
September 2000,
Journal of virology,
A Barboza, and
B A Castro, and
M Whalen, and
C C Moore, and
J S Parkin, and
W L Miller, and
F Gonzalez-Scarano, and
J A Levy
February 1996,
Endocrinology,
A Barboza, and
B A Castro, and
M Whalen, and
C C Moore, and
J S Parkin, and
W L Miller, and
F Gonzalez-Scarano, and
J A Levy
April 2008,
PloS one,
A Barboza, and
B A Castro, and
M Whalen, and
C C Moore, and
J S Parkin, and
W L Miller, and
F Gonzalez-Scarano, and
J A Levy
May 1987,
Journal of virology,
A Barboza, and
B A Castro, and
M Whalen, and
C C Moore, and
J S Parkin, and
W L Miller, and
F Gonzalez-Scarano, and
J A Levy
November 1985,
The Journal of general virology,
A Barboza, and
B A Castro, and
M Whalen, and
C C Moore, and
J S Parkin, and
W L Miller, and
F Gonzalez-Scarano, and
J A Levy
May 2021,
Cell and tissue research,
