Collateral ventilation and the sloping alveolar plateaus of He and SF6: a model study. 1992

D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
Department of Medical Physiology and Sports Medicine, University of Utrecht, Netherlands.

In case of intralobular airway obstructions in dog lungs and in human lungs, ventilation of the regions distal to the obstructions appears to be surprisingly effective. In general, this is attributed to collateral ventilation which takes place between obstructed and adjacent, non-obstructed air spaces. In this paper we investigate the contribution of collateral ventilation to the distribution of gases in the lung and to the slopes of the alveolar plateaus (S) of the expirograms of He and SF6. To that end, we have simulated single-breath washout experiments with a mathematical lung model in which a fraction of the total acinar space was obstructed. The obstructed part was collaterally ventilated via the non-obstructed part by convection where both parts distended and retracted isotropically during the breathing maneuver. Collateral diffusion was assumed to be negligible during inspiration and expiration, but was taken into account for periods of post-inspiratory apnea (tA). With 20% of the total acinar space obstructed and tA = 0 sec, S(He) = 3.3%.L-1 and SSF6 = 4.7%.L-1. For both gases S increased with increasing degree of airway obstruction, and decreased with increasing tA and with increasing degree of collateral diffusion. For all simulated maneuvers the alveolar plateau was rectilinearly shaped. We conclude that in case of airway obstructions collateral ventilation may substantially contribute to the slope of the alveolar plateaus of the expirograms of He and SF6.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008168 Lung Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood. Lungs
D008433 Mathematics The deductive study of shape, quantity, and dependence. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed) Mathematic
D008954 Models, Biological Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D011650 Pulmonary Alveoli Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place. Alveoli, Pulmonary,Alveolus, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Alveolus
D011659 Pulmonary Gas Exchange The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER. Exchange, Pulmonary Gas,Gas Exchange, Pulmonary
D004285 Dogs The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065) Canis familiaris,Dog
D006371 Helium A noble gas with the atomic symbol He, atomic number 2, and atomic weight 4.003. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is not combustible and does not support combustion. It was first detected in the sun and is now obtained from natural gas. Medically it is used as a diluent for other gases, being especially useful with oxygen in the treatment of certain cases of respiratory obstruction, and as a vehicle for general anesthetics. Helium-4,Helium 4
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000402 Airway Obstruction Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs. Choking,Airway Obstructions,Obstruction, Airway,Obstructions, Airway
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

Related Publications

D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
April 1980, Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology,
D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
August 1990, Respiration physiology,
D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
September 1977, Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology,
D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
October 1981, Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology,
D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
January 1982, Bulletin europeen de physiopathologie respiratoire,
D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
September 1990, Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985),
D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
March 2002, Respiratory physiology & neurobiology,
D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
January 1976, Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases,
D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
August 1983, Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology,
D P Six, and W R de Vries, and S C Luijendijk
October 1990, Respiration physiology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!