OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) for the management of idiopathic subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV). METHODS This was a prospective, non-controlled, clinical case trial involving 21 eyes of 21 patients with a mean age of 36 years. All 21 eyes had idiopathic subfoveal CNV and were subjected to diode laser TTT. Laser beam size ranged from 1.2 mm to 3.0 mm and power settings ranged between 300 mW and 600 mW. The end-point was an area of no visible colour change. Pre- and post-laser evaluations of ETDRS visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy and fluorescein angiography were carried out. RESULTS The nine predominantly occult and 12 predominantly classic subfoveal membranes were followed-up for a mean of 5.1 months after TTT. Overall, 17 eyes (81%) showed improvement or stabilization in ETDRS visual acuity. Contrast sensitivity improved in 17 eyes (81%). Reading speed improved in 15 eyes (71%). Retreatment was needed in three eyes (14%). CONCLUSIONS Transpupillary thermotherapy treatment is a potential strategy for treating idiopathic subfoveal CNV in both its classic and occult forms.