[Blast injury. Acute blindness caused by thoracoabdominal compression trauma]. 2004

E Hasenböhler, and M Conti, and S Martinoli, and K Landau
Departement für Chirurgie, Ospedale Civico, Lugano, Schweiz. erik.hasenboehler@ksl.ch

Blindness can be the consequence of trauma, which until now had only been described in cases involving direct facial or cranial trauma. In our case a 53-year-old street worker became irreversibly blind after a thoracoabdominal compression trauma. The investigations performed were inconclusive regarding the cause of blindness. We postulate a massive increase in venous blood pressure with capillary stasis and consequent optic nerve damage. Fat emboli syndrome or posterior ischemic optic neuropathy could be causes, but unrealistic for this case. It still comes into question why such a mechanism has not been seen in other blast injury cases. In the end, the additional factor that resulted here in complete irreversible blindness remains unclear.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009887 Ophthalmoscopy Examination of the interior of the eye with an ophthalmoscope. Ophthalmoscopies
D010100 Oxygen An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D001753 Blast Injuries Injuries resulting when a person is struck by particles impelled with violent force from an explosion. Blast causes pulmonary concussion and hemorrhage, laceration of other thoracic and abdominal viscera, ruptured ear drums, and minor effects in the central nervous system. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Injuries, Blast,Blast Injury,Injury, Blast
D001766 Blindness The inability to see or the loss or absence of perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE. Amaurosis,Bilateral Blindness,Blindness, Bilateral,Blindness, Legal,Blindness, Monocular,Blindness, Unilateral,Sudden Visual Loss,Unilateral Blindness,Blindness, Acquired,Blindness, Complete,Blindness, Hysterical,Blindness, Transient,Acquired Blindness,Amauroses,Bilateral Blindnesses,Complete Blindness,Hysterical Blindness,Legal Blindness,Monocular Blindness,Sudden Visual Losses,Transient Blindness,Visual Loss, Sudden
D003444 Crush Syndrome Severe systemic manifestation of trauma and ischemia involving soft tissues, principally skeletal muscle, due to prolonged severe crushing. It leads to increased permeability of the cell membrane and to the release of potassium, enzymes, and myoglobin from within cells. Ischemic renal dysfunction secondary to hypotension and diminished renal perfusion results in acute tubular necrosis and uremia. Crush Syndromes,Syndrome, Crush,Syndromes, Crush
D003937 Diagnosis, Differential Determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from by systematically comparing and contrasting results of diagnostic measures. Diagnoses, Differential,Differential Diagnoses,Differential Diagnosis
D004620 Embolism, Fat Blocking of a blood vessel by fat deposits in the circulation. It is often seen after fractures of large bones or after administration of CORTICOSTEROIDS. Fat Embolism,Fat Embolism Syndrome,Embolisms, Fat,Fat Embolisms
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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