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Immunological responses of six healthy males to 10 days of head-down tilt bedrest (HDT) were assessed. Lymphocyte responsiveness was severely reduced immediately before, during, and immediately after the HDT, even though the lymphocyte numbers did not change. By contrast, delayed-type hypersensitivity was not affected. No dramatic changes were found in WBC counts and lymphocyte subpopulations, with the only exception of natural killer (NK) cells which transiently decreased immediately after HDT. Plasma cortisol levels were elevated above normal immediately before and during the HDT. The data suggest that the mitogenic response of lymphocytes was affected by psychological and fluid shift stress. These results are compared with data obtained during and after spaceflight. We conclude that the stress of HDT induces changes in immunological responsiveness that are strikingly similar to those arising from the stress of spaceflight.
F K Gmünder, and
F Baisch, and
B Bechler, and
A Cogoli, and
M Cogoli, and
P W Joller, and
H Maass, and
J Müller, and
W H Ziegler
January 1992,
Acta physiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum,
F K Gmünder, and
F Baisch, and
B Bechler, and
A Cogoli, and
M Cogoli, and
P W Joller, and
H Maass, and
J Müller, and
W H Ziegler
January 1992,
Acta physiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum,
F K Gmünder, and
F Baisch, and
B Bechler, and
A Cogoli, and
M Cogoli, and
P W Joller, and
H Maass, and
J Müller, and
W H Ziegler
July 1998,
Journal of gravitational physiology : a journal of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology,
F K Gmünder, and
F Baisch, and
B Bechler, and
A Cogoli, and
M Cogoli, and
P W Joller, and
H Maass, and
J Müller, and
W H Ziegler
August 1993,
Acta astronautica,
F K Gmünder, and
F Baisch, and
B Bechler, and
A Cogoli, and
M Cogoli, and
P W Joller, and
H Maass, and
J Müller, and
W H Ziegler
June 2024,
NPJ microgravity,
F K Gmünder, and
F Baisch, and
B Bechler, and
A Cogoli, and
M Cogoli, and
P W Joller, and
H Maass, and
J Müller, and
W H Ziegler
January 1992,
Acta physiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum,
F K Gmünder, and
F Baisch, and
B Bechler, and
A Cogoli, and
M Cogoli, and
P W Joller, and
H Maass, and
J Müller, and
W H Ziegler
January 1992,
Acta physiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum,
F K Gmünder, and
F Baisch, and
B Bechler, and
A Cogoli, and
M Cogoli, and
P W Joller, and
H Maass, and
J Müller, and
W H Ziegler
February 1990,
The Physiologist,
F K Gmünder, and
F Baisch, and
B Bechler, and
A Cogoli, and
M Cogoli, and
P W Joller, and
H Maass, and
J Müller, and
W H Ziegler
February 1990,
The Physiologist,
F K Gmünder, and
F Baisch, and
B Bechler, and
A Cogoli, and
M Cogoli, and
P W Joller, and
H Maass, and
J Müller, and
W H Ziegler
January 2000,
Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina = Aerospace and environmental medicine,
