Biomaterial Database

[Platelet activating factor (PAF)-induced late asthmatic response in sensitized but not in non-sensitized guinea pigs]. 1992

M Arima, and T Yukawa, and Y Terashi, and H Sagara, and S Makino

Department of Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine.

We have recently demonstrated that pretreatment with WEB 2086, a specific PAF antagonist or cyclosporine A (CsA), a potent helper T cell suppressant, resulted in preventing the development of late asthmatic response (LAR) and increase of airway hyperreactivity (AH) in guinea pig experimental models of asthma. We have now examined whether exogenously applied PAF causes LAR in these models in vivo. The respiratory resistance (Rrs) of guinea pigs was measured by an oscillation technique and histological studies of the bronchi were also made. Guinea pigs, actively sensitized by repeated antigen (ovalbumin; OA) inhalation, showed a leftward shift of the inhaled PAF dose response curve of Rrs compared with that in control animals, indicating that the sensitized animals were more sensitive to inhaled, PAF. PC200 PAF, which indicate provocative concentrations of PAF aerosols causing a 200% increase in the baseline Rrs, were 3800 +/- 604.9 micrograms/ml and 780 +/- 94.3 micrograms/ml, in the control and sensitized animals, respectively. The same magnitude of immediate bronchoconstriction after 780 and 3800 micrograms/ml of PAF exposure was observed in the actively sensitized and non-sensitized control animals, respectively. However, LAR developed 4 out of 6 animals only in the sensitized guinea pigs. We conclude that both exogenously applied PAF by inhalation and antigen exposure are capable of inducing LAR in sensitized guinea pigs, and thus the priming effect of immunization and PAF may contribute to the development of LAR observed in asthma.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D010972	Platelet Activating Factor	A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.	AGEPC,Acetyl Glyceryl Ether Phosphorylcholine,PAF-Acether,Phosphorylcholine, Acetyl Glyceryl Ether,1-Alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerophosphocholine,Platelet Aggregating Factor,Platelet Aggregation Enhancing Factor,Platelet-Activating Substance,Thrombocyte Aggregating Activity,1 Alkyl 2 acetyl sn glycerophosphocholine,Aggregating Factor, Platelet,Factor, Platelet Activating,PAF Acether,Platelet Activating Substance
D001980	Bronchi	The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the TRACHEA. They include the largest two primary bronchi which branch out into secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi which extend into BRONCHIOLES and PULMONARY ALVEOLI.	Primary Bronchi,Primary Bronchus,Secondary Bronchi,Secondary Bronchus,Tertiary Bronchi,Tertiary Bronchus,Bronchi, Primary,Bronchi, Secondary,Bronchi, Tertiary,Bronchus,Bronchus, Primary,Bronchus, Secondary,Bronchus, Tertiary
D004195	Disease Models, Animal	Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000403	Airway Resistance	Physiologically, the opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction. As a part of pulmonary function testing, it is the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow.	Airway Resistances,Resistance, Airway,Resistances, Airway
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001249	Asthma	A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	Asthma, Bronchial,Bronchial Asthma,Asthmas
D016084	Bronchoconstriction	Narrowing of the caliber of the BRONCHI, physiologically or as a result of pharmacological intervention.	Bronchial Constriction,Bronchial Constrictions,Bronchoconstrictions,Constriction, Bronchial,Constrictions, Bronchial
D016535	Bronchial Hyperreactivity	Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.	Bronchial Hyperreactivities,Hyperreactivities, Bronchial,Hyperreactivity, Bronchial