| D008830 |
Microbodies |
Electron-dense cytoplasmic particles bounded by a single membrane, such as PEROXISOMES; GLYOXYSOMES; and glycosomes. |
Glycosomes,Glycosome,Microbody |
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| D008928 |
Mitochondria |
Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) |
Mitochondrial Contraction,Mitochondrion,Contraction, Mitochondrial,Contractions, Mitochondrial,Mitochondrial Contractions |
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| D010084 |
Oxidation-Reduction |
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471). |
Redox,Oxidation Reduction |
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| D003066 |
Coenzyme A Ligases |
Enzymes that catalyze the formation of acyl-CoA derivatives. EC 6.2.1. |
Acyl CoA Synthetase,Acyl CoA Synthetases,Acyl Coenzyme A Synthetase,Acyl Coenzyme A Synthetases,Coenzyme A Ligase,Coenzyme A Synthetase,Coenzyme A Synthetases,Acid-Thiol Ligases,Co A Ligases,A Ligase, Coenzyme,A Synthetase, Coenzyme,Acid Thiol Ligases,CoA Synthetase, Acyl,CoA Synthetases, Acyl,Ligase, Coenzyme A,Ligases, Acid-Thiol,Ligases, Co A,Ligases, Coenzyme A,Synthetase, Acyl CoA,Synthetase, Coenzyme A,Synthetases, Acyl CoA,Synthetases, Coenzyme A |
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| D005227 |
Fatty Acids |
Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) |
Aliphatic Acid,Esterified Fatty Acid,Fatty Acid,Fatty Acids, Esterified,Fatty Acids, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acid,Aliphatic Acids,Acid, Aliphatic,Acid, Esterified Fatty,Acid, Saturated Fatty,Esterified Fatty Acids,Fatty Acid, Esterified,Fatty Acid, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acids |
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| D006801 |
Humans |
Members of the species Homo sapiens. |
Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man |
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| D000326 |
Adrenoleukodystrophy |
An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the LYSOSOMES of ADRENAL CORTEX and the white matter of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This disease occurs almost exclusively in the males. Clinical features include the childhood onset of ATAXIA; NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY; SEIZURES; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and DEMENTIA. The slowly progressive adult form is called adrenomyeloneuropathy. The defective gene ABCD1 is located at Xq28, and encodes the adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS). |
Adrenomyeloneuropathy,Schilder-Addison Complex,X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy,ALD (Adrenoleukodystrophy),Addison Disease and Cerebral Sclerosis,Bronze Schilder Disease,Melanodermic Leukodystrophy,Siemerling-Creutzfeldt Disease,X-ALD,X-ALD (X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy),Adrenoleukodystrophy, X-Linked,Leukodystrophies, Melanodermic,Leukodystrophy, Melanodermic,Schilder Addison Complex,Siemerling Creutzfeldt Disease,X ALD,X ALD (X Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy),X Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy |
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| D014960 |
X Chromosome |
The female sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and all female gametes in human and other male-heterogametic species. |
Chromosome, X,Chromosomes, X,X Chromosomes |
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