Biomaterial Database

Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase (AMP forming). 2004

V J Starai, and J C Escalante-Semerena

Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 264 Enzyme Institute, 1710 University Avenue, 53726-4087, Madison, Wisconsin 53726-4087, USA.

Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase (AMP forming; Acs) is an enzyme whose activity is central to the metabolism of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The physiological role of this enzyme is to activate acetate to acetyl-coenzyme A (Ac-CoA). The importance of Acs has been recognized for decades, since it provides the cell the two-carbon metabolite used in many anabolic and energy generation processes. In the last decade researchers have learned how carefully the cell monitors the synthesis and activity of this enzyme. In eukaryotes and prokaryotes, complex regulatory systems control acs gene expression as a function carbon flux, with a second layer of regulation exerted posttranslationally by the NAD+/sirtuin-dependent protein acetylation/deacetylation system. Recent structural work provides snapshots of the dramatic conformational changes Acs undergoes during catalysis. Future work on the regulation of acs gene expression will expand our understanding of metabolic integration, while structure/function studies will reveal more details of the function of this splendid molecular machine.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D005786	Gene Expression Regulation	Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.	Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000106	Acetate-CoA Ligase	An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of CoA derivatives from ATP, acetate, and CoA to form AMP, pyrophosphate, and acetyl CoA. It acts also on propionates and acrylates. EC 6.2.1.1.	Acetate Thiokinase,Acetyl Activating Enzyme,Acetyl CoA Synthetase,Acetothiokinase,Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthetase,Acetate CoA Ligase,Activating Enzyme, Acetyl,CoA Synthetase, Acetyl,Enzyme, Acetyl Activating,Ligase, Acetate-CoA,Synthetase, Acetyl CoA,Thiokinase, Acetate
D000249	Adenosine Monophosphate	Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.	AMP,Adenylic Acid,2'-AMP,2'-Adenosine Monophosphate,2'-Adenylic Acid,5'-Adenylic Acid,Adenosine 2'-Phosphate,Adenosine 3'-Phosphate,Adenosine 5'-Phosphate,Adenosine Phosphate Dipotassium,Adenosine Phosphate Disodium,Phosphaden,2' Adenosine Monophosphate,2' Adenylic Acid,5' Adenylic Acid,5'-Phosphate, Adenosine,Acid, 2'-Adenylic,Acid, 5'-Adenylic,Adenosine 2' Phosphate,Adenosine 3' Phosphate,Adenosine 5' Phosphate,Dipotassium, Adenosine Phosphate,Disodium, Adenosine Phosphate,Monophosphate, 2'-Adenosine,Phosphate Dipotassium, Adenosine,Phosphate Disodium, Adenosine
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D017385	Sequence Homology	The degree of similarity between sequences. Studies of AMINO ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY and NUCLEIC ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY provide useful information about the genetic relatedness of genes, gene products, and species.	Homologous Sequences,Homologs, Sequence,Sequence Homologs,Homolog, Sequence,Homologies, Sequence,Homologous Sequence,Homology, Sequence,Sequence Homolog,Sequence Homologies,Sequence, Homologous,Sequences, Homologous
D017434	Protein Structure, Tertiary	The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (ALPHA HELICES; BETA SHEETS; loop regions, and AMINO ACID MOTIFS) pack together to form folded shapes. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure.	Tertiary Protein Structure,Protein Structures, Tertiary,Tertiary Protein Structures
D019779	Salmonella enterica	A subgenus of Salmonella containing several medically important serotypes. The habitat for the majority of strains is warm-blooded animals.