Realistic spatial sampling for MEG beamformer images. 2004

Gareth R Barnes, and Arjan Hillebrand, and Ian P Fawcett, and Krish D Singh
Neurosciences Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom. barnesgr@aston.ac.uk

The spatial resolution achievable using magnetoencephalography (MEG) beamformer techniques is inhomogeneous across the brain and is related directly to the amplitude of the underlying electrical sources [Barnes and Hillebrand, Hum Brain Mapp 2003;18:1-12; Gross et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001;98:694-699; Van Veen et al., IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1997;44:867-860; Vrba and Robinson, Proc 12th Int Conf Biomagn 2001]. We set out to examine what an adequate level of spatial sampling of the brain volume is in a realistic situation, and what implications these inhomogeneities have for region-of-interest analysis. As a basis for these calculations, we used a simple retinotopic mapping experiment where stimuli were 17-Hz reversing gratings presented in either left or right visual hemifield. Beamformer weights were calculated based on the covariance of the MEG data in a 0-80 Hz bandwidth. We then estimated volumetric full-width half-maximum (FWHM) maps at a range of sampling levels. We show that approximately 10% of the 1 mm cubic voxels in the occipital volume have a FWHM smoothness of <5 mm, and 80% <10 mm in three subjects. This was despite relatively low mean signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) values of 1.5. We demonstrate how visualization of these FWHM maps can be used to avoid some of the pitfalls implicit in beamformer region-of-interest analysis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010775 Photic Stimulation Investigative technique commonly used during ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY in which a series of bright light flashes or visual patterns are used to elicit brain activity. Stimulation, Photic,Visual Stimulation,Photic Stimulations,Stimulation, Visual,Stimulations, Photic,Stimulations, Visual,Visual Stimulations
D001921 Brain The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM. Encephalon
D001931 Brain Mapping Imaging techniques used to colocalize sites of brain functions or physiological activity with brain structures. Brain Electrical Activity Mapping,Functional Cerebral Localization,Topographic Brain Mapping,Brain Mapping, Topographic,Functional Cerebral Localizations,Mapping, Brain,Mapping, Topographic Brain
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014796 Visual Perception The selecting and organizing of visual stimuli based on the individual's past experience. Visual Processing,Perception, Visual,Processing, Visual
D015225 Magnetoencephalography The measurement of magnetic fields over the head generated by electric currents in the brain. As in any electrical conductor, electric fields in the brain are accompanied by orthogonal magnetic fields. The measurement of these fields provides information about the localization of brain activity which is complementary to that provided by ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY. Magnetoencephalography may be used alone or together with electroencephalography, for measurement of spontaneous or evoked activity, and for research or clinical purposes. Magnetoencephalogram,Magnetoencephalograms

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