Biomaterial Database

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antigen secretion by latently infected resting CD4+ T lymphocytes from HIV-1-infected individuals. 2004

Jean-Michel Fondere, and Gael Petitjean, and Marie-France Huguet, and Sharon Lynn Salhi, and Vincent Baillat, and Anna Macura-Biegun, and Pierre Becquart, and Jacques Reynes, and Jean-Pierre Vendrell, and Anna Macura-Biegum

Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, France.

In resting CD4(+) T lymphocytes harboring human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), replication-competent virus persists in patients responding to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This small latent reservoir represents between 10(3) and 10(7) cells per patient. However, the efficiency of HIV-1 DNA-positive resting CD4(+) T cells in converting to HIV-1-antigen-secreting cells (HIV-1-Ag-SCs) after in vitro CD4(+)-T-cell polyclonal stimulation has not been satisfactorily evaluated. By using an HIV-1-antigen enzyme-linked immunospot assay, 8 HIV-1-Ag-SCs per 10(6) CD4(+) resting T cells were quantified in 25 patients with a plasma viral load of <20 copies/ml, whereas 379 were enumerated in 10 viremic patients. In parallel, 369 and 1,238 copies of HIV-1 DNA per 10(6) CD4(+) T cells were enumerated in the two groups of patients, respectively. Only a minority of latently HIV-1 DNA-infected CD4(+) T cells could be stimulated in vitro to become HIV-1-Ag-SCs, particularly in aviremic patients. The difference between the number of HIV-1 immunospots in viremic versus aviremic patients could be explained by HIV-1 unintegrated viral DNA that gave additional HIV-1-Ag-SCs after in vitro CD4(+)-T-cell polyclonal stimulation. The ELISPOT approach to targeting the HIV-1-Ag-SCs could be a useful method for identifying latently HIV-1-infected CD4(+) T cells carrying replication-competent HIV-1 in patients responding to HAART.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D004279	DNA, Viral	Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.	Viral DNA
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D014766	Viremia	The presence of viruses in the blood.	Viremias
D014775	Virus Activation	The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses (PROVIRUSES) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. It may be effected by various endogenous and exogenous stimuli, including B-cell LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES, glucocorticoid hormones, halogenated pyrimidines, IONIZING RADIATION, ultraviolet light, and superinfecting viruses.	Prophage Excision,Prophage Induction,Virus Induction,Viral Activation,Activation, Viral,Activation, Virus,Activations, Viral,Activations, Virus,Excision, Prophage,Excisions, Prophage,Induction, Prophage,Induction, Virus,Inductions, Prophage,Inductions, Virus,Prophage Excisions,Prophage Inductions,Viral Activations,Virus Activations,Virus Inductions
D014779	Virus Replication	The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.	Viral Replication,Replication, Viral,Replication, Virus,Replications, Viral,Replications, Virus,Viral Replications,Virus Replications
D015488	HIV Antigens	Antigens associated with specific proteins of the human adult T-cell immunodeficiency virus (HIV); also called HTLV-III-associated and lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) antigens.	AIDS Antigens,HIV-Associated Antigens,HTLV-III Antigens,HTLV-III-LAV Antigens,LAV Antigens,Lymphadenopathy-Associated Antigens,T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Antigens, Human,HIV Associated Antigens,HTLV III Antigens,HTLV III LAV Antigens,Lymphadenopathy Associated Antigens,T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Antigens, Human,Antigens, AIDS,Antigens, HIV,Antigens, HIV Associated,Antigens, HIV-Associated,Antigens, HTLV III,Antigens, HTLV-III,Antigens, HTLV-III-LAV,Antigens, LAV,Antigens, Lymphadenopathy Associated,Antigens, Lymphadenopathy-Associated,Associated Antigens, HIV,Associated Antigens, Lymphadenopathy,III Antigens, HTLV
D015496	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.	T4 Cells,T4 Lymphocytes,CD4-Positive Lymphocytes,CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes,CD4-Positive Lymphocyte,CD4-Positive T-Lymphocyte,Lymphocyte, CD4-Positive,Lymphocytes, CD4-Positive,T-Lymphocyte, CD4-Positive,T-Lymphocytes, CD4-Positive,T4 Cell,T4 Lymphocyte
D015497	HIV-1	The type species of LENTIVIRUS and the etiologic agent of AIDS. It is characterized by its cytopathic effect and affinity for the T4-lymphocyte.	Human immunodeficiency virus 1,HIV-I,Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1,Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Human
D015658	HIV Infections	Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).	HTLV-III Infections,HTLV-III-LAV Infections,T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human,HIV Coinfection,Coinfection, HIV,Coinfections, HIV,HIV Coinfections,HIV Infection,HTLV III Infections,HTLV III LAV Infections,HTLV-III Infection,HTLV-III-LAV Infection,Infection, HIV,Infection, HTLV-III,Infection, HTLV-III-LAV,Infections, HIV,Infections, HTLV-III,Infections, HTLV-III-LAV,T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human