Social crowding sensitizes high-responding rats to psychomotor-stimulant effects of morphine. 2004

Zheng Xigeng, and Li Yonghui, and Luo Xiaojing, and Xiao Lin, and Wang Dongmei, and Liu Jie, and Yang Xiaoyan, and Sui Nan
Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 1603, Beijing, P.R. China.

Large individual differences have been identified toward varied addictive effects as evidenced in self-administration, place conditioning, and psychomotor stimulation paradigms, which have been primarily attributed to the role of congenital factors. However, it remains unknown whether environmental factors, like extraneous social stress events, could distinctively modulate animals with differentiated biobehavioral traits, such as rats with higher motor activity (high responder, HR) developed in a novel environment and their counterparts, LR (low responder) rats. In the present study, the influence of social crowding procedure upon morphine psychomotor effect was investigated. Moreover, the roles social stress played, respectively, on HRs and LRs were explored based on previous observation that HRs not only responded more to drugs but also to stress. Our results revealed that social crowding procedure could sensitize morphine psychomotor effect as a whole, and this effect was only evident for HR but not LR rats. The individual differences toward morphine psychomotor effects was indiscernible in rats housed in normal social conditions and only turned out to be significant under stress conditions. Given the fact that the occurrence of human addictive behavior usually happens within social environment permeated with various stress factors, the genetic and environmental elements may collaboratively contribute to the ultimate susceptibility of drug-prone individuals.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009020 Morphine The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central nervous system and on smooth muscle. Morphine Sulfate,Duramorph,MS Contin,Morphia,Morphine Chloride,Morphine Sulfate (2:1), Anhydrous,Morphine Sulfate (2:1), Pentahydrate,Oramorph SR,SDZ 202-250,SDZ202-250,Chloride, Morphine,Contin, MS,SDZ 202 250,SDZ 202250,SDZ202 250,SDZ202250,Sulfate, Morphine
D009043 Motor Activity Body movements of a human or an animal as a behavioral phenomenon. Activities, Motor,Activity, Motor,Motor Activities
D011595 Psychomotor Agitation A feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. This may occur as a manifestation of nervous system drug toxicity or other conditions. Agitation, Psychomotor,Akathisia,Excitement, Psychomotor,Restlessness,Psychomotor Hyperactivity,Psychomotor Restlessness,Hyperactivity, Psychomotor,Psychomotor Excitement,Restlessness, Psychomotor
D011597 Psychomotor Performance The coordination of a sensory or ideational (cognitive) process and a motor activity. Perceptual Motor Performance,Sensory Motor Performance,Visual Motor Coordination,Coordination, Visual Motor,Coordinations, Visual Motor,Motor Coordination, Visual,Motor Coordinations, Visual,Motor Performance, Perceptual,Motor Performance, Sensory,Motor Performances, Perceptual,Motor Performances, Sensory,Perceptual Motor Performances,Performance, Perceptual Motor,Performance, Psychomotor,Performance, Sensory Motor,Performances, Perceptual Motor,Performances, Psychomotor,Performances, Sensory Motor,Psychomotor Performances,Sensory Motor Performances,Visual Motor Coordinations
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012919 Social Behavior Any behavior caused by or affecting another individual or group usually of the same species. Sociality,Behavior, Social,Behaviors, Social,Social Behaviors
D012931 Social Environment The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community. Social Context,Environment, Social,Social Ecology,Context, Social,Contexts, Social,Ecologies, Social,Ecology, Social,Environments, Social,Social Contexts,Social Ecologies,Social Environments
D013312 Stress, Physiological The unfavorable effect of environmental factors (stressors) on the physiological functions of an organism. Prolonged unresolved physiological stress can affect HOMEOSTASIS of the organism, and may lead to damaging or pathological conditions. Biotic Stress,Metabolic Stress,Physiological Stress,Abiotic Stress,Abiotic Stress Reaction,Abiotic Stress Response,Biological Stress,Metabolic Stress Response,Physiological Stress Reaction,Physiological Stress Reactivity,Physiological Stress Response,Abiotic Stress Reactions,Abiotic Stress Responses,Abiotic Stresses,Biological Stresses,Biotic Stresses,Metabolic Stress Responses,Metabolic Stresses,Physiological Stress Reactions,Physiological Stress Responses,Physiological Stresses,Reaction, Abiotic Stress,Reactions, Abiotic Stress,Response, Abiotic Stress,Response, Metabolic Stress,Stress Reaction, Physiological,Stress Response, Metabolic,Stress Response, Physiological,Stress, Abiotic,Stress, Biological,Stress, Biotic,Stress, Metabolic
D017207 Rats, Sprague-Dawley A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company. Holtzman Rat,Rats, Holtzman,Sprague-Dawley Rat,Rats, Sprague Dawley,Holtzman Rats,Rat, Holtzman,Rat, Sprague-Dawley,Sprague Dawley Rat,Sprague Dawley Rats,Sprague-Dawley Rats

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