Biomaterial Database

In vitro screening for antiplasmodial activity of isoquinoline alkaloids from Brazilian plant species. 2004

Dominique Corinne Hermine Fischer, and Nilton Carlos de Amorim Gualda, and Danielle Bachiega, and Cyntia Salerno Carvalho, and Fernanda Nogueira Lupo, and Sonia Valéria Bonotto, and Mariana de Oliveira Alves, and Alvaro Yogi, and Silvia Maria Di Santi, and Priscilla Elisangela Avila, and Karin Kirchgatter, and Paulo Roberto Hrihorowitsch Moreno

Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, Bloco15, 05580-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. domi@usp.br

In the search for new antimalarial agents, nine Brazilian plant species were selected, from the Annonaceae (6), Menispermaceae (2) and Siparunaceae (1) families naturally occurring at the cerrado and Atlantic rainforest regions, in order to investigate their in vitro antiplasmodial activity. The ethanol and the alkaloid extracts were tested against K1, chloroquine-resistant, and Palo Alto, chloroquine-sensitive, strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The majority of the alkaloid extracts were more active than the ethanol ones, with IC(50) ranging 0.3-8.2 microg/mL. The crude Guatteria australis alkaloids were the most active against K1 with an IC(50) = 0.3 microg/mL. The most promising total alkaloid fractions for further bioguided isolation are those with the IC(50) < or = 5 microg/mL: G. australis, Cissampelos ovalifolia and Duguetia lanceolata.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007546	Isoquinolines	A group of compounds with the heterocyclic ring structure of benzo(c)pyridine. The ring structure is characteristic of the group of opium alkaloids such as papaverine. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
D010936	Plant Extracts	Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.	Herbal Medicines,Plant Extract,Extract, Plant,Extracts, Plant,Medicines, Herbal
D010963	Plasmodium falciparum	A species of protozoa that is the causal agent of falciparum malaria (MALARIA, FALCIPARUM). It is most prevalent in the tropics and subtropics.	Plasmodium falciparums,falciparums, Plasmodium
D001938	Brazil	A country located on the eastern coast of South America, located between Colombia and Peru, that borders the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana, on the south by Uruguay, and on the west by Argentina. The capital is Brasilia.
D000470	Alkaloids	Organic nitrogenous bases. Many alkaloids of medical importance occur in the animal and vegetable kingdoms, and some have been synthesized. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Alkaloid,Plant Alkaloid,Plant Alkaloids,Alkaloid, Plant,Alkaloids, Plant
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000962	Antimalarials	Agents used in the treatment of malaria. They are usually classified on the basis of their action against plasmodia at different stages in their life cycle in the human. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1585)	Anti-Malarial,Antimalarial,Antimalarial Agent,Antimalarial Drug,Anti-Malarials,Antimalarial Agents,Antimalarial Drugs,Agent, Antimalarial,Agents, Antimalarial,Anti Malarial,Anti Malarials,Drug, Antimalarial,Drugs, Antimalarial
D018515	Plant Leaves	Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)	Plant Leaf,Leaf, Plant,Leave, Plant,Leaves, Plant,Plant Leave
D019684	Magnoliopsida	A class of vascular plants which produce flowers and seeds. They include monocotyledons, dicotyledons, and about 80% of all known plant species.	Angiosperms,Angiosperma,Angiospermae,Arecidae,Asteridae,Caryophyllidae,Commelinidae,Dicotyledoneae,Dilleniidae,Flowering Plants,Hamamelidae,Hamamelididae,Icacinales,Liliatae,Liliidae,Liliopsida,Magnoliatae,Metteniusales,Oncothecales,Rosidae,Vahliales,Zingiberidae,Angiosperm,Flowering Plant,Icacinale,Metteniusale,Oncothecale,Plant, Flowering,Plants, Flowering,Vahliale
D020128	Inhibitory Concentration 50	The concentration of a compound needed to reduce population growth of organisms, including eukaryotic cells, by 50% in vitro. Though often expressed to denote in vitro antibacterial activity, it is also used as a benchmark for cytotoxicity to eukaryotic cells in culture.	IC50,Concentration 50, Inhibitory