Transient focal cerebral ischemia-induced neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult mouse. 2004

Kudret Türeyen, and Raghu Vemuganti, and Kurt A Sailor, and Kellie K Bowen, and Robert J Dempsey
Department of Neurological Surgery and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, USA.

OBJECTIVE Throughout the life of a mammal, new neurons are produced each day from resident progenitor cells located in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). The availability of transgenic and knockout mice enables the evaluation of specific molecular mediators of this phenomenon. To facilitate such studies the authors characterized the proliferation, survival, and maturation of progenitor cells in the DG of adult mice following transient focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS Anesthesia was induced in adult C57BL/6 mice by administering halothane. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) was then occluded for 120 minutes by applying an endovascular suture. The marker used to detect the presence of proliferating cells, 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU; 50 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally twice daily on Days 2 through 6 after the MCA occlusion. Cohorts of mice were killed on Days 7 and 21, after which their brains were sectioned and BrdU-positive cells were detected using immunohistochemical analysis. The phenotype of the BrdU-positive cells was identified by fluorescent triple labeling by using antibodies specific for neuronal and astroglial markers together with anti-BrdU antibodies. The infarction was confirmed by applying cresyl violet staining. Compared with sham-operated control animals, there was a 4.6-fold (p < 0.05) increase in BrdU-positive cells in the ipsilateral DG at Day 7 postischemia. Twenty-one percent of the newly proliferated cells survived to Day 21 postischemia. At this time, the newly proliferated cells expressed the immature and mature neuron markers doublecortin and NeuN, respectively, but none expressed the astroglial marker glial fibrillary acidic protein. CONCLUSIONS Focal ischemia induces neurogenesis in the DG of the mouse brain; this may be critical for postischemic brain repair.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008810 Mice, Inbred C57BL One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases. Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D002470 Cell Survival The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability. Cell Viability,Cell Viabilities,Survival, Cell,Viabilities, Cell,Viability, Cell
D002546 Ischemic Attack, Transient Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6) Brain Stem Ischemia, Transient,Cerebral Ischemia, Transient,Crescendo Transient Ischemic Attacks,Transient Ischemic Attack,Anterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack,Brain Stem Transient Ischemic Attack,Brain TIA,Brainstem Ischemia, Transient,Brainstem Transient Ischemic Attack,Carotid Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack,Posterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack,TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack),Transient Ischemic Attack, Anterior Circulation,Transient Ischemic Attack, Brain Stem,Transient Ischemic Attack, Brainstem,Transient Ischemic Attack, Carotid Circulation,Transient Ischemic Attack, Posterior Circulation,Transient Ischemic Attack, Vertebrobasilar Circulation,Transient Ischemic Attacks, Crescendo,Vertebrobasilar Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack,Attack, Transient Ischemic,Attacks, Transient Ischemic,Brainstem Ischemias, Transient,Cerebral Ischemias, Transient,Ischemia, Transient Brainstem,Ischemia, Transient Cerebral,Ischemias, Transient Brainstem,Ischemias, Transient Cerebral,Ischemic Attacks, Transient,TIA, Brain,TIAs (Transient Ischemic Attack),Transient Brainstem Ischemia,Transient Cerebral Ischemia,Transient Cerebral Ischemias,Transient Ischemic Attacks
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013234 Stem Cells Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. Colony-Forming Units,Mother Cells,Progenitor Cells,Colony-Forming Unit,Cell, Mother,Cell, Progenitor,Cell, Stem,Cells, Mother,Cells, Progenitor,Cells, Stem,Colony Forming Unit,Colony Forming Units,Mother Cell,Progenitor Cell,Stem Cell
D049109 Cell Proliferation All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION. Cell Growth in Number,Cellular Proliferation,Cell Multiplication,Cell Number Growth,Growth, Cell Number,Multiplication, Cell,Number Growth, Cell,Proliferation, Cell,Proliferation, Cellular

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