Biomaterial Database

[Imaging of neuro-ophthalmological emergencies]. 2004

F Heran, and M Schaison-Cusin, and M Williams, and J D Piekarski

Service d'Imagerie, Fondation A. de Rothschild, 25 rue Manin, 75019 Paris, France. fh@magic.fr

MRI often is mandatory in the diagnostic work-up of visual loss, visual field alterations and oculomotor problems. It is performed emergently in patients with painful diplopia associated to mydriasis, to exclude aneurysm, or in patients with painful Horner syndrome to exclude dissection of the internal carotid artery. CT scan in emergency remains useful in case of acute lateral hemianopsia or acute post traumatic visual loss. Progressive neuro-ophthalmological symptoms may require imaging examination in a short delay to define the therapeutic strategy: monocular transient blindness (dissection or carotid stenosis), progressive visual loss (optic nerve compression), bitemporal hemianopsia (optic chiasm lesion), painful visual loss (optic neuritis). A very precise clinical indication is helpful for the choice of imaging protocol and to improve its diagnosis value.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008279	Magnetic Resonance Imaging	Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.	Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D009485	Neuroradiography	Radiography of the central nervous system.	Neuroradiographies
D009885	Ophthalmology	A surgical specialty concerned with the structure and function of the eye and the medical and surgical treatment of its defects and diseases.	Ocular Surgery,Ocular Surgeries,Surgery, Ocular
D009901	Optic Nerve Diseases	Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered a component of the central nervous system. Damage to optic nerve fibers may occur at or near their origin in the retina, at the optic disk, or in the nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, or lateral geniculate nuclei. Clinical manifestations may include decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, impaired color vision, and an afferent pupillary defect.	Cranial Nerve II Diseases,Foster-Kennedy Syndrome,Optic Disc Disorders,Optic Disk Disorders,Optic Neuropathy,Second Cranial Nerve Diseases,Cranial Nerve II Disorder,Neural-Optical Lesion,Disc Disorder, Optic,Disk Disorder, Optic,Disorder, Optic Disc,Foster Kennedy Syndrome,Lesion, Neural-Optical,Neural Optical Lesion,Neural-Optical Lesions,Neuropathy, Optic,Optic Disc Disorder,Optic Disk Disorder,Optic Nerve Disease,Optic Neuropathies,Syndrome, Foster-Kennedy
D009902	Optic Neuritis	Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis).	Neuropapillitis,Retrobulbar Neuritis,Anterior Optic Neuritis,Posterior Optic Neuritis,Anterior Optic Neuritides,Neuritides, Anterior Optic,Neuritides, Optic,Neuritides, Posterior Optic,Neuritides, Retrobulbar,Neuritis, Anterior Optic,Neuritis, Optic,Neuritis, Posterior Optic,Neuritis, Retrobulbar,Neuropapillitides,Optic Neuritides,Optic Neuritides, Anterior,Optic Neuritides, Posterior,Optic Neuritis, Anterior,Optic Neuritis, Posterior,Posterior Optic Neuritides,Retrobulbar Neuritides
D001763	Blepharoptosis	Drooping of the upper lid due to deficient development or paralysis of the levator palpebrae muscle.	Ptosis, Eyelid,Blepharoptoses,Eyelid Ptoses,Eyelid Ptosis,Ptoses, Eyelid
D003663	Decision Trees	A graphic device used in decision analysis, series of decision options are represented as branches (hierarchical).	Decision Tree,Tree, Decision,Trees, Decision
D004172	Diplopia	A visual symptom in which a single object is perceived by the visual cortex as two objects rather than one. Disorders associated with this condition include REFRACTIVE ERRORS; STRABISMUS; OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES; TROCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; ABDUCENS NERVE DISEASES; and diseases of the BRAIN STEM and OCCIPITAL LOBE.	Double Vision,Polyopsia,Diplopia, Cortical,Diplopia, Horizontal,Diplopia, Intermittent,Diplopia, Monocular,Diplopia, Refractive,Diplopia, Unilateral,Diplopia, Vertical,Cortical Diplopia,Cortical Diplopias,Diplopias,Diplopias, Cortical,Diplopias, Horizontal,Diplopias, Intermittent,Diplopias, Monocular,Diplopias, Refractive,Diplopias, Unilateral,Diplopias, Vertical,Horizontal Diplopia,Horizontal Diplopias,Intermittent Diplopia,Intermittent Diplopias,Monocular Diplopia,Monocular Diplopias,Polyopsias,Refractive Diplopia,Refractive Diplopias,Unilateral Diplopia,Unilateral Diplopias,Vertical Diplopia,Vertical Diplopias,Vision, Double
D004630	Emergencies	Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results.	Emergency
D004638	Emergency Treatment	First aid or other immediate intervention for accidents or medical conditions requiring immediate care and treatment before definitive medical and surgical management can be procured.	Emergency Therapy,Therapy, Emergency,Emergency Therapies,Emergency Treatments,Therapies, Emergency,Treatment, Emergency,Treatments, Emergency