Biomaterial Database

Alternative phospholipase D/mTOR survival signal in human breast cancer cells. 2005

Yuhong Chen, and Vanessa Rodrik, and David A Foster

Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Cancer cells generate survival signals to suppress default apoptotic programs that protect from cancer. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) generates a survival signal that is frequently dysregulated in human cancers. Phospholipase D (PLD) has also been implicated in signals that promote survival. One of the targets of PLD signaling is mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), a critical regulator of cell cycle progression and cell growth. We report here that elevated PLD activity in the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line generates an mTOR-dependent survival signal that is independent of PI3K. In contrast, MDA-MB-435S breast cancer cells, which have very low levels of PLD activity, are dependent on PI3K for survival signals. The data presented here identify an alternative survival signal that is dependent on PLD and mTOR and is active in a breast cancer cell line where the PI3K survival pathway is not active.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010739	Phospholipase D	An enzyme found mostly in plant tissue. It hydrolyzes glycerophosphatidates with the formation of a phosphatidic acid and a nitrogenous base such as choline. This enzyme also catalyzes transphosphatidylation reactions. EC 3.1.4.4.	Lecithinase D,Phosphatidylcholine Phosphohydrolase
D011494	Protein Kinases	A family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ATP and a protein to ADP and a phosphoprotein.	Protein Kinase,Kinase, Protein,Kinases, Protein
D001943	Breast Neoplasms	Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	Breast Cancer,Breast Tumors,Cancer of Breast,Breast Carcinoma,Cancer of the Breast,Human Mammary Carcinoma,Malignant Neoplasm of Breast,Malignant Tumor of Breast,Mammary Cancer,Mammary Carcinoma, Human,Mammary Neoplasm, Human,Mammary Neoplasms, Human,Neoplasms, Breast,Tumors, Breast,Breast Carcinomas,Breast Malignant Neoplasm,Breast Malignant Neoplasms,Breast Malignant Tumor,Breast Malignant Tumors,Breast Neoplasm,Breast Tumor,Cancer, Breast,Cancer, Mammary,Cancers, Mammary,Carcinoma, Breast,Carcinoma, Human Mammary,Carcinomas, Breast,Carcinomas, Human Mammary,Human Mammary Carcinomas,Human Mammary Neoplasm,Human Mammary Neoplasms,Mammary Cancers,Mammary Carcinomas, Human,Neoplasm, Breast,Neoplasm, Human Mammary,Neoplasms, Human Mammary,Tumor, Breast
D002470	Cell Survival	The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.	Cell Viability,Cell Viabilities,Survival, Cell,Viabilities, Cell,Viability, Cell
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000081082	Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors	Agents that inhibit PHOSPHOINOSITIDE-3 KINASE activity.	Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitor,Inhibitor, Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase,Inhibitors, Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase,Kinase Inhibitor, Phosphoinositide-3,Kinase Inhibitors, Phosphoinositide-3,Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase Inhibitor,Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase Inhibitors
D015398	Signal Transduction	The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.	Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal
D015972	Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic	Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.	Neoplastic Gene Expression Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression, Neoplastic,Regulation, Gene Expression, Neoplastic
D016895	Culture Media, Serum-Free	CULTURE MEDIA free of serum proteins but including the minimal essential substances required for cell growth. This type of medium avoids the presence of extraneous substances that may affect cell proliferation or unwanted activation of cells.	Protein-Free Media,Serum-Free Media,Low-Serum Media,Culture Media, Serum Free,Low Serum Media,Media, Low-Serum,Media, Protein-Free,Media, Serum-Free,Media, Serum-Free Culture,Protein Free Media,Serum Free Media,Serum-Free Culture Media
D045744	Cell Line, Tumor	A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.	Tumor Cell Line,Cell Lines, Tumor,Line, Tumor Cell,Lines, Tumor Cell,Tumor Cell Lines