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Disc diffusion-based screening tests for extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Haemophilus influenzae. 2005

Stephen G Tristram, and Bülent Bozdogan, and Peter C Appelbaum
School of Human Life Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia. Stephen.Tristram@utas.edu.au

OBJECTIVE To establish a suitable screening test for the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Haemophilus influenzae. METHODS Double disc diffusion tests using cephalosporin discs adjacent to an amoxicillin/clavulanate 3 microg disc, prediffusion tests, where an amoxicillin/clavulanate 3 microg disc was prediffused before being replaced with a cephalosporin disc, and combination cephalosporin/clavulanate discs were used to screen recombinant H. influenzae expressing cloned ESBLs. Methods initially determined to be suitable were validated by testing a range of clinical strains. RESULTS Enhanced zones around cephalosporin discs due to synergy with an adjacent amoxicillin/clavulanate disc were not reliably demonstrated with the recombinant H. influenzae strains expressing ESBLs. Cefotaxime 5 microg or 30 microg and cefpodoxime 10 microg discs prediffused with an amoxicillin/clavulanate 3 microg disc, and cefotaxime 30 microg/clavulanate 10 microg and cefpodoxime 10 microg/clavulanate 1 microg combination discs all gave zone sizes > or = 5 mm greater than the corresponding plain disc for all recombinant ESBL-producing strains. None of the clinical strains gave enhanced zones. CONCLUSIONS Cefotaxime 5 or 30 microg or cefpodoxime 10 microg discs prediffused with an amoxicillin/clavulanate 3 microg disc, or cefotaxime 30 microg/clavulanate 10 microg and cefpodoxime 10 microg/clavulanate 1 mug combination discs are all suitable for screening H. influenzae isolates for the presence of ESBLs. ESBL-producing strains should show an increase in zone diameter of > or = 5 mm compared with the corresponding plain cephalosporin disc.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008826 Microbial Sensitivity Tests Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses). Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D002439 Cefotaxime Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin. Benaxima,Biosint,Cefotaxim,Cefotaxime Sodium,Cefradil,Cephotaxim,Claforan,Fotexina,HR-756,Kendrick,Klaforan,Primafen,Ru-24756,Taporin,HR 756,HR756,Ru 24756,Ru24756,Sodium, Cefotaxime
D004305 Dose-Response Relationship, Drug The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug. Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D006193 Haemophilus influenzae A species of HAEMOPHILUS found on the mucous membranes of humans and a variety of animals. The species is further divided into biotypes I through VIII. Bacterium influenzae,Coccobacillus pfeifferi,Haemophilus meningitidis,Hemophilus influenzae,Influenza-bacillus,Mycobacterium influenzae
D000097623 Cefpodoxime A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefpodoxime contains a methoxy group at C-3 of its cephalosporin core. 5-Thia-1-Azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-Carboxylic Acid, 7-(((2-Amino-4-Thiazolyl)(Methoxyimino)Acetyl)Amino)-3-(Methoxymethyl)-8-oxo-, Monosodium Salt, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-,Cefpodoxime Sodium,Cefpodoxime Sodium Salt,R 3746,R-3746,RU 51746,RU-51746,U 76253A,U-76,253A,3746, R,51746, RU,76253A, U,R3746,RU51746,Salt, Cefpodoxime Sodium,Sodium Salt, Cefpodoxime,Sodium, Cefpodoxime,U 76,253A,U76,253A
D000658 Amoxicillin A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration. Hydroxyampicillin,Actimoxi,Amoxicillin Anhydrous,Amoxicillin Monopotassium Salt,Amoxicillin Monosodium Salt,Amoxicillin Sodium,Amoxicillin Trihydrate,Amoxicillin, (R*)-Isomer,Amoxicilline,Amoxil,Amoxycillin,BRL-2333,Clamoxyl,Clamoxyl G.A.,Clamoxyl Parenteral,Penamox,Polymox,Trimox,Wymox,BRL 2333,BRL2333
D001618 beta-Lactamases Enzymes found in many bacteria which catalyze the hydrolysis of the amide bond in the beta-lactam ring. Well known antibiotics destroyed by these enzymes are penicillins and cephalosporins. beta-Lactamase,beta Lactamase,beta Lactamases
D015296 Ceftizoxime A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic which can be administered intravenously or by suppository. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It has few side effects and is reported to be safe and effective in aged patients and in patients with hematologic disorders. Ceftizoxime Sodium,Cefizox,Ceftizoxime Monosodium Salt,FK-749,FK749,FR-13749,SK&F 88373-2,SKF-88373,FK 749,FR 13749,FR13749,Monosodium Salt, Ceftizoxime,SK&F 88373 2,SK&F 883732,SKF 88373,SKF88373,Salt, Ceftizoxime Monosodium,Sodium, Ceftizoxime
D018440 beta-Lactam Resistance Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of the beta-lactam antibiotics. Mechanisms responsible for beta-lactam resistance may be degradation of antibiotics by BETA-LACTAMASES, failure of antibiotics to penetrate, or low-affinity binding of antibiotics to targets. beta-Lactam Resistant,beta-Lactamase Resistance,beta-Lactamase Resistant,Resistance, beta-Lactamase,Resistant, beta-Lactamase,beta Lactam Resistance,beta Lactam Resistant,beta Lactamase Resistance,beta Lactamase Resistant
D019980 Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination A fixed-ratio combination of amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate. Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid,Potassium Clavulanate-Amoxicillin Combination,Amox-clav,Amoxi-Clavulanate,Amoxycillin-Clavulanic Acid,Augmentin,BRL-25000,Clavulanate Potentiated Amoxycillin,Clavulin,Co-amoxiclav,Coamoxiclav,Spektramox,Synulox,Amox clav,Amoxi Clavulanate,Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid,Amoxicillin Potassium Clavulanate Combination,Amoxycillin Clavulanic Acid,Amoxycillin, Clavulanate Potentiated,BRL 25000,BRL25000,Co amoxiclav,Potassium Clavulanate Amoxicillin Combination

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