Biomaterial Database

[Effect of feeding on the excretion of nitrogen in fattening pigs]. 1992

E Kienzle

Institut für Tierernährung der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover.

In this review possibilities to reduce nitrogen excretion in fattening pigs are discussed. If the weight gain is high, the total nitrogen requirement for maintenance during the (shorter) fattening period is lower. Therefore the amount per fully grown animal is reduced. Diseases can increase the nitrogen turnover considerably. The optimal ratio of protein to energy for nitrogen accretion decreases during the fattening period. By reducing the protein content in the food in 3 steps (3 phase feeding, 160, 140 and 130 g crude protein/kg food) nitrogen can be saved. The addition of synthetic amino acids (lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophane, isoleucine) allows a further reduction of the protein content in the food without loss of growth yield. The availability of amino acids in the food depends on their prececal digestibility. The main source of ammonia emission is urea, which is excreted renally. Since nitrogen over supply is mainly excreted by the kidney, the reduction of nitrogen by 3 phase feeding and addition of amino acids especially decreases ammonia emission.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009584	Nitrogen	An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
D004044	Dietary Proteins	Proteins obtained from foods. They are the main source of the ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS.	Proteins, Dietary,Dietary Protein,Protein, Dietary
D004435	Eating	The consumption of edible substances.	Dietary Intake,Feed Intake,Food Intake,Macronutrient Intake,Micronutrient Intake,Nutrient Intake,Nutritional Intake,Ingestion,Dietary Intakes,Feed Intakes,Intake, Dietary,Intake, Feed,Intake, Food,Intake, Macronutrient,Intake, Micronutrient,Intake, Nutrient,Intake, Nutritional,Macronutrient Intakes,Micronutrient Intakes,Nutrient Intakes,Nutritional Intakes
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000821	Animal Feed	Foodstuff used especially for domestic and laboratory animals, or livestock.	Fodder,Animal Feeds,Feed, Animal,Feeds, Animal,Fodders
D013552	Swine	Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).	Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog