Biomaterial Database

Effects of glucocorticoid and chemotherapy on the peritumoral edema and astrocytic reaction in experimental brain tumor. 1992

J Jamshidi, and T Yoshimine, and Y Ushio, and T Hayakawa

Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.

To study the effects of glucocorticoids and chemotherapeutic agents on the pathophysiology of the tumor-induced brain edema, the site of Evans blue-albumin extravasation, the distribution of extravasated serum albumin, and the extent of local astrocytic reaction were examined in a rat model of implanted brain tumor. Experimental brain tumors were produced by implanting small pellets of Walker 256 carcinosarcoma into the cerebral cortex of Wistar rats. In the steroid group, rats were administered with intraperitoneal methylprednisolone succinate (15 mg/kg) daily on and after the 6th day postimplantation, and sacrificed on the 14th day. In the chemotherapy group, rats were given an intravenous injection of cyclophosphamide (30 mg/kg) on the 14th day, and sacrificed on the 21st day. Rats in the untreated group were sacrificed on the 14th day without any therapy. Each animal was sacrificed by the transcardiac perfusion with paraformaldehyde 30 min after intravenous injection of Evans blue. Firstly, coronal blocks of the brain were examined for Evans blue staining macroscopically. Paraffin embedded sections were studied for the Evans blue fluorescence and for the immunohistochemical reaction to serum albumin and GFAP. The examination of Evans blue demonstrated that the origin of extravasation of serum albumin was the tumor and the adjacent brain with dense tumor cell infiltration in any group of rats. The extravasated serum albumin distributed widely and the astrocytic reaction was prominent in the brain of the untreated group. A positive correlation was observed between the intensity of albumin immunoreaction and the degree of astrocytic proliferation. Chemotherapy effectively decreased the size of tumor and reduced the extravasation of serum albumin. The astrocytic reaction was however, not reduced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008776	Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate	A water-soluble ester of METHYLPREDNISOLONE used for cardiac, allergic, and hypoxic emergencies.	Methylprednisolone Succinate,6 alpha-Methylprednisolone Sodium Hemisuccinate,A-MethaPred,Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate Monosodium Salt,Methylprednisolone Sodium Hemisuccinate,Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate,Solu-Medrol,Solumedrol,Urbason-Soluble,Hemisuccinate, Methylprednisolone,Sodium Hemisuccinate, Methylprednisolone,Sodium Succinate, Methylprednisolone,Succinate, Methylprednisolone,UrbasonSoluble
D009368	Neoplasm Transplantation	Experimental transplantation of neoplasms in laboratory animals for research purposes.	Transplantation, Neoplasm,Neoplasm Transplantations,Transplantations, Neoplasm
D001812	Blood-Brain Barrier	Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.	Brain-Blood Barrier,Hemato-Encephalic Barrier,Barrier, Blood-Brain,Barrier, Brain-Blood,Barrier, Hemato-Encephalic,Barriers, Blood-Brain,Barriers, Brain-Blood,Barriers, Hemato-Encephalic,Blood Brain Barrier,Blood-Brain Barriers,Brain Blood Barrier,Brain-Blood Barriers,Hemato Encephalic Barrier,Hemato-Encephalic Barriers
D001929	Brain Edema	Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)	Brain Swelling,Cerebral Edema,Cytotoxic Brain Edema,Intracranial Edema,Vasogenic Cerebral Edema,Cerebral Edema, Cytotoxic,Cerebral Edema, Vasogenic,Cytotoxic Cerebral Edema,Vasogenic Brain Edema,Brain Edema, Cytotoxic,Brain Edema, Vasogenic,Brain Swellings,Cerebral Edemas, Vasogenic,Edema, Brain,Edema, Cerebral,Edema, Cytotoxic Brain,Edema, Cytotoxic Cerebral,Edema, Intracranial,Edema, Vasogenic Brain,Edema, Vasogenic Cerebral,Swelling, Brain
D001932	Brain Neoplasms	Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.	Brain Cancer,Brain Metastases,Brain Tumors,Cancer of Brain,Malignant Primary Brain Tumors,Neoplasms, Intracranial,Benign Neoplasms, Brain,Brain Neoplasm, Primary,Brain Neoplasms, Benign,Brain Neoplasms, Malignant,Brain Neoplasms, Malignant, Primary,Brain Neoplasms, Primary Malignant,Brain Tumor, Primary,Brain Tumor, Recurrent,Cancer of the Brain,Intracranial Neoplasms,Malignant Neoplasms, Brain,Malignant Primary Brain Neoplasms,Neoplasms, Brain,Neoplasms, Brain, Benign,Neoplasms, Brain, Malignant,Neoplasms, Brain, Primary,Primary Brain Neoplasms,Primary Malignant Brain Neoplasms,Primary Malignant Brain Tumors,Benign Brain Neoplasm,Benign Brain Neoplasms,Benign Neoplasm, Brain,Brain Benign Neoplasm,Brain Benign Neoplasms,Brain Cancers,Brain Malignant Neoplasm,Brain Malignant Neoplasms,Brain Metastase,Brain Neoplasm,Brain Neoplasm, Benign,Brain Neoplasm, Malignant,Brain Neoplasms, Primary,Brain Tumor,Brain Tumors, Recurrent,Cancer, Brain,Intracranial Neoplasm,Malignant Brain Neoplasm,Malignant Brain Neoplasms,Malignant Neoplasm, Brain,Neoplasm, Brain,Neoplasm, Intracranial,Primary Brain Neoplasm,Primary Brain Tumor,Primary Brain Tumors,Recurrent Brain Tumor,Recurrent Brain Tumors,Tumor, Brain
D002279	Carcinoma 256, Walker	A transplantable carcinoma of the rat that originally appeared spontaneously in the mammary gland of a pregnant albino rat, and which now resembles a carcinoma in young transplants and a sarcoma in older transplants. (Stedman, 25th ed)	Carcinosarcoma 256, Walker,Walker Carcinoma 256,Walker Carcinosarcoma 256
D003520	Cyclophosphamide	Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of LYMPHOMA and LEUKEMIA. Its side effect, ALOPECIA, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.	(+,-)-2-(bis(2-Chloroethyl)amino)tetrahydro-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine 2-Oxide Monohydrate,B-518,Cyclophosphamide Anhydrous,Cyclophosphamide Monohydrate,Cyclophosphamide, (R)-Isomer,Cyclophosphamide, (S)-Isomer,Cyclophosphane,Cytophosphan,Cytophosphane,Cytoxan,Endoxan,NSC-26271,Neosar,Procytox,Sendoxan,B 518,B518,NSC 26271,NSC26271
D005070	Evans Blue	An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.	Azovan Blue,C.I. 23860,C.I. Direct Blue 53,Evan's Blue,Blue, Azovan,Blue, Evan's,Blue, Evans,Evan Blue
D005260	Female		Females
D005911	Gliosis	The production of a dense fibrous network of neuroglia; includes astrocytosis, which is a proliferation of astrocytes in the area of a degenerative lesion.	Astrocytosis,Astrogliosis,Glial Scar,Astrocytoses,Glial Scars,Scar, Glial