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Sensitivity of human gamma interferon assay and tuberculin skin testing for detecting infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with culture positive tuberculosis. 2005

W J Britton, and G L Gilbert, and J Wheatley, and D Leslie, and J S Rothel, and S L Jones, and P Bradley
Centenary Institute of Cancer, Medicine and Cell Biology, Locked Bag No. 6, Newtown NSW 2042, Australia. wbritton@medicine.usyd.edu.au

METHODS Nine university-affiliated chest clinics in Australia. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sensitivity of a whole blood human gamma-interferon assay (HGIA, QuantiFERON-TB) for specific T lymphocyte responses and Tuberculin skin testing (TST) for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in subjects with culture-proven M. tuberculosis disease (TBCP). METHODS Prospective testing of 129 patients with recent TBCP and 100 patients with non-tuberculosis lung disease (NTBLD). RESULTS Using a defined level of specific IFN-gamma production and TST 10mm as positive cut-offs, the sensitivity of HGIA was 81% compared to 89% for TST (p=0.06). When positive responses in both TST and HGIA were combined, 96% of TB patients were detected. For the NTBLD group, 43% of whom were born overseas, 73% were negative for both the HGIA and TST. Prior immunization with M. bovis (bacille Calmette-Guerin) (BCG) or the type of TB had no effect on the sensitivities of the assays. For those treated for <2 months, the sensitivities for both assays were 84%, but for those treated for >2 months the sensitivity of TST (90%) tended to be higher than for HGIA (81%) (p=0.07). The distribution of TST results in TB patients showed a broad peak between 10 and 25 mm, while the results in the HGIA were bimodal in both TB and NTBLD patients. CONCLUSIONS HGIA may prove an alternative to skin testing for detecting M. tuberculosis infection in certain settings.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007124 Immunoenzyme Techniques Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens. Antibody Enzyme Technique, Unlabeled,Enzyme Immunoassay,Enzyme-Labeled Antibody Technique,Immunoassay, Enzyme,Immunoperoxidase Techniques,Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex Technique,Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody Technique,Antibody Enzyme Technic, Unlabeled,Enzyme-Labeled Antibody Technic,Immunoenzyme Technics,Immunoperoxidase Technics,Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex Technic,Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody Technic,Antibody Technic, Enzyme-Labeled,Antibody Technic, Peroxidase-Labeled,Antibody Technics, Enzyme-Labeled,Antibody Technics, Peroxidase-Labeled,Antibody Technique, Enzyme-Labeled,Antibody Technique, Peroxidase-Labeled,Antibody Techniques, Enzyme-Labeled,Antibody Techniques, Peroxidase-Labeled,Enzyme Immunoassays,Enzyme Labeled Antibody Technic,Enzyme Labeled Antibody Technique,Enzyme-Labeled Antibody Technics,Enzyme-Labeled Antibody Techniques,Immunoassays, Enzyme,Immunoenzyme Technic,Immunoenzyme Technique,Immunoperoxidase Technic,Immunoperoxidase Technique,Peroxidase Antiperoxidase Complex Technic,Peroxidase Antiperoxidase Complex Technique,Peroxidase Labeled Antibody Technic,Peroxidase Labeled Antibody Technique,Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex Technics,Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex Techniques,Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody Technics,Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody Techniques,Technic, Enzyme-Labeled Antibody,Technic, Immunoenzyme,Technic, Immunoperoxidase,Technic, Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex,Technic, Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody,Technics, Enzyme-Labeled Antibody,Technics, Immunoenzyme,Technics, Immunoperoxidase,Technics, Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex,Technics, Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody,Technique, Enzyme-Labeled Antibody,Technique, Immunoenzyme,Technique, Immunoperoxidase,Technique, Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex,Technique, Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody,Techniques, Enzyme-Labeled Antibody,Techniques, Immunoenzyme,Techniques, Immunoperoxidase,Techniques, Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex,Techniques, Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody
D007371 Interferon-gamma The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Interferon Type II,Interferon, Immune,gamma-Interferon,Interferon, gamma,Type II Interferon,Immune Interferon,Interferon, Type II
D008171 Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG. Pulmonary Diseases,Disease, Pulmonary,Diseases, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Disease,Disease, Lung,Diseases, Lung,Lung Disease
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D003937 Diagnosis, Differential Determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from by systematically comparing and contrasting results of diagnostic measures. Diagnoses, Differential,Differential Diagnoses,Differential Diagnosis
D004334 Drug Administration Schedule Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience. Administration Schedule, Drug,Administration Schedules, Drug,Drug Administration Schedules,Schedule, Drug Administration,Schedules, Drug Administration
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

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