Biomaterial Database

Hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction with decreased mtNOS activity in prehepatic portal hypertensive rats. 2005

Silvia Lores-Arnaiz, and Juan Carlos Perazzo, and Juan Pablo Prestifilippo, and Néstor Lago, and Gabriela D'Amico, and Analía Czerniczyniec, and Juanita Bustamante, and Alberto Boveris, and Abraham Lemberg

Laboratory of Free Radical Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina. slarnaiz@ffyb.uba.ar

Portal hypertension is a major complication of human cirrhosis that frequently leads to central nervous system dysfunction. In our study, rats with prehepatic portal hypertension developed hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction as indicated by decreased respiratory rates, respiratory control and mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase (mtNOS) activity in mitochondria isolated from the whole hippocampus. Succinate-dependent respiratory rates decreased by 29% in controlled state 4 and by 42% in active state 3, and respiratory control diminished by 20%. Portal hypertensive rats showed a decreased mtNOS activity of 46%. Hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction was associated with ultrastructural damage in the mitochondria of hippocampal astrocytes and endothelial cells. Swollen mitochondria, loss of cristae and rupture of outer and inner membrane was observed in astrocytes and endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier in parallel with the ammonia gradient. It is concluded that the moderate increase in plasma ammonia that followed portal hypertension was the potential primary cause of the observed alterations.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006975	Hypertension, Portal	Abnormal increase of resistance to blood flow within the hepatic PORTAL SYSTEM, frequently seen in LIVER CIRRHOSIS and conditions with obstruction of the PORTAL VEIN.	Cruveilhier-Baumgarten Disease,Cruveilhier-Baumgarten Syndrome,Cruveilhier Baumgarten Disease,Cruveilhier Baumgarten Syndrome,Disease, Cruveilhier-Baumgarten,Portal Hypertension,Portal Hypertensions,Syndrome, Cruveilhier-Baumgarten
D008297	Male		Males
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D008928	Mitochondria	Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)	Mitochondrial Contraction,Mitochondrion,Contraction, Mitochondrial,Contractions, Mitochondrial,Mitochondrial Contractions
D009419	Nerve Tissue Proteins		Proteins, Nerve Tissue,Tissue Proteins, Nerve
D010101	Oxygen Consumption	The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)	Consumption, Oxygen,Consumptions, Oxygen,Oxygen Consumptions
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D006624	Hippocampus	A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.	Ammon Horn,Cornu Ammonis,Hippocampal Formation,Subiculum,Ammon's Horn,Hippocampus Proper,Ammons Horn,Formation, Hippocampal,Formations, Hippocampal,Hippocampal Formations,Hippocampus Propers,Horn, Ammon,Horn, Ammon's,Proper, Hippocampus,Propers, Hippocampus,Subiculums
D000644	Quaternary Ammonium Compounds	Derivatives of ammonium compounds, NH4+ Y-, in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with hydrocarbyl groups. These are distinguished from IMINES which are RN	Quaternary Ammonium Compound,Ammonium Compound, Quaternary,Ammonium Compounds, Quaternary,Compound, Quaternary Ammonium
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia