Biomaterial Database

Sister chromatid exchanges in chick embryos after treatment with the phenoxy herbicide MCPA. 1992

E Arias

Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.

The phenoxyherbicide and peroxisome proliferator 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) was tested for its ability to induce sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) in chick embryos. Erbitox E30 (a commercial formulation containing 28% MCPA sodium potassium salt as active ingredient) was injected into the air chamber in concentrations of MCPA of 0, 0.35, 0.7, 1.4, 2.8, or 5.6 mg/egg on day 0 of incubation. Pure MCPA sodium salt was tested at 2.8 mg/egg. Neutral red at 0.25 mg/egg was the mutagenic reference compound (positive control group). Eggs were then incubated for 4 days. MCPA induced a slight but significant increase in SCE frequency (about 1.3 times base line) at 2.8 mg/egg. The dose of 5.6 mg/egg was toxic. No difference in genetic activity between the commercial formulation and the pure compound was found. A cell cycle delaying effect of MCPA was evident at all the dose levels tested. The mitotic index remained unchanged.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008456	2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid	A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed killer.	MCPA,Agroxone,Methoxone,2 Methyl 4 chlorophenoxyacetic Acid
D009152	Mutagenicity Tests	Tests of chemical substances and physical agents for mutagenic potential. They include microbial, insect, mammalian cell, and whole animal tests.	Genetic Toxicity Tests,Genotoxicity Tests,Mutagen Screening,Tests, Genetic Toxicity,Toxicity Tests, Genetic,Genetic Toxicity Test,Genotoxicity Test,Mutagen Screenings,Mutagenicity Test,Screening, Mutagen,Screenings, Mutagen,Test, Genotoxicity,Tests, Genotoxicity,Toxicity Test, Genetic
D002453	Cell Cycle	The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.	Cell Division Cycle,Cell Cycles,Cell Division Cycles,Cycle, Cell,Cycle, Cell Division,Cycles, Cell,Cycles, Cell Division,Division Cycle, Cell,Division Cycles, Cell
D002642	Chick Embryo	The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.	Embryo, Chick,Chick Embryos,Embryos, Chick
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012854	Sister Chromatid Exchange	An exchange of segments between the sister chromatids of a chromosome, either between the sister chromatids of a meiotic tetrad or between the sister chromatids of a duplicated somatic chromosome. Its frequency is increased by ultraviolet and ionizing radiation and other mutagenic agents and is particularly high in BLOOM SYNDROME.	Chromatid Exchange, Sister,Chromatid Exchanges, Sister,Exchange, Sister Chromatid,Exchanges, Sister Chromatid,Sister Chromatid Exchanges