Biomaterial Database

Effect of medium salinity on some chemical constituents of two halophilic Bacillus spp. from Saudi Arabia. 1992

A A Salamah

Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The cell envelope amino acids of two moderately halophilic Bacillus isolates (BST and BSF) varied according to medium salinity. Cystine and proline were mostly effected. In both isolates growing in the presence of 6 and 18% NaCl there were more dicarboxylic amino acids than basic amino acids which makes the cell envelope proteins quite acidic. The concentrations of the cell-associated cations (Na+, K+, and Mg2+) were high in both isolates, and varied according to the NaCl concentration. The two isolates contained glucosamine and muramic acid in their cell walls. The amounts of these two sugar derivatives, however, varied with the NaCl concentration. Thin-layer chromatography of phospholipids revealed the presence of cardiolipins, phosphatidylglycerols and phosphatidylethanolamines in the two isolates irrespective of medium salinity. Phosphatidylglycerols and the phosphatidylethanolamines increased on increasing the NaCl concentration of the growth medium. Lysophosphatidylglycerols were detected only in the 6% grown BST cells. Unidentified phospholipids designated X1 (in isolates BSF and BST), X2 (in isolate BST) and X3 (in isolate BSF) were also detected; the concentrations of X1 and X3 were salinity dependent.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009112	Muramic Acids	Compounds consisting of glucosamine and lactate joined by an ether linkage. They occur naturally as N-acetyl derivatives in peptidoglycan, the characteristic polysaccharide composing bacterial cell walls. (From Dorland, 28th ed)	Muramic Acid,Acid, Muramic,Acids, Muramic
D010743	Phospholipids	Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.	Phosphatides,Phospholipid
D002412	Cations	Positively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.	Cation
D002473	Cell Wall	The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.	Cell Walls,Wall, Cell,Walls, Cell
D003470	Culture Media	Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.	Media, Culture
D005944	Glucosamine		2-Amino-2-Deoxyglucose,Dona,Dona S,Glucosamine Sulfate,Hespercorbin,Xicil,2 Amino 2 Deoxyglucose,Sulfate, Glucosamine
D000596	Amino Acids	Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.	Amino Acid,Acid, Amino,Acids, Amino
D001407	Bacillus	A genus of BACILLACEAE that are spore-forming, rod-shaped cells. Most species are saprophytic soil forms with only a few species being pathogenic.	Bacillus bacterium
D012492	Salts	Substances produced from the reaction between acids and bases; compounds consisting of a metal (positive) and nonmetal (negative) radical. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Salt
D012529	Saudi Arabia	A country located in the Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen. The capital is Riyadh.	Kingdom of Saudi Arabia