The lipid spectrum of brain tissues in various stages of post-reanimation period was studied in rats upon clinical death modeled by cardiovascular fascicle ligation according to V. G. Korpachev. Reproduction of same model on the background of mexidol was characterized by (i) an increase in phosphatidylserine, (ii) normalization of the relative content of phosphatidylethanolamine and cholesterol, (iii) stabilization of the content of phosphatidylcholine, sphyngomyelin, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and free fatty acids, and (iv) the absence of lysophosphatidylserine in late post-reanimation period (30 days) upon mexidol reperfusion. Mexidol also favored the development of protective and adaptive reactions on the level of lipid components of cerebral cell membranes in the early period upon reperfusion and prevented from the development of irreversible changes in cerebral phospholipid metabolism in the late post-reanimation period.