Biomaterial Database

Problem solving limitations among cytogenetically expressing fragile X women. 1992

M M Mazzocco, and R J Hagerman, and B F Pennington

University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Children's Hospital, Denver 80218-1088.

Neurocognitive deficits among fragile X individuals have been reported for both high and low functioning individuals. Recent findings from our research suggest a specific neurocognitive phenotype among fragile X women that is characterized by deficits on tests of frontal lobe functioning. In this paper, we examine in more detail the performance of 10 cytogenetically expressing women and 10 control women on 2 problem solving measures considered sensitive to frontal lobe functions: the Contingency Naming Test and the Tower of Hanoi. The results pertaining to each test suggest that fragile X women, relative to control women, are less able to solve a problem when the difficulty of the problem is increased by requiring simultaneous consideration of additional information. These findings have important implications for remediation strategies designed for affected fragile X individuals.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009484	Neuropsychology	A branch of psychology which investigates the correlation between experience or behavior and the basic neurophysiological processes. The term neuropsychology stresses the dominant role of the nervous system. It is a more narrowly defined field than physiological psychology or psychophysiology.	Neuropsychologies
D011340	Problem Solving	A learning situation involving more than one alternative from which a selection is made in order to attain a specific goal.
D003582	Cytogenetics	A subdiscipline of genetics which deals with the cytological and molecular analysis of the CHROMOSOMES, and location of the GENES on chromosomes, and the movements of chromosomes during the CELL CYCLE.	Cytogenetic
D005260	Female		Females
D005600	Fragile X Syndrome	A condition characterized genotypically by mutation of the distal end of the long arm of the X chromosome (at gene loci FRAXA or FRAXE) and phenotypically by cognitive impairment, hyperactivity, SEIZURES, language delay, and enlargement of the ears, head, and testes. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY occurs in nearly all males and roughly 50% of females with the full mutation of FRAXA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p226)	FRAXA Syndrome,FRAXE Syndrome,Martin-Bell Syndrome,Fra(X) Syndrome,Fragile X Mental Retardation Syndrome,Fragile X-F Mental Retardation Syndrome,Mar (X) Syndrome,Marker X Syndrome,Mental Retardation, X-Linked, Associated With Fragile Site Fraxe,Mental Retardation, X-Linked, Associated With Marxq28,X-Linked Mental Retardation and Macroorchidism,FRAXA Syndromes,FRAXE Syndromes,Fragile X Syndromes,Marker X Syndromes,Martin Bell Syndrome,Syndrome, FRAXA,Syndrome, FRAXE,Syndrome, Fragile X,Syndrome, Marker X,Syndrome, Martin-Bell,Syndromes, FRAXA,Syndromes, FRAXE,Syndromes, Fragile X,Syndromes, Marker X,X Linked Mental Retardation and Macroorchidism
D005625	Frontal Lobe	The part of the cerebral hemisphere anterior to the central sulcus, and anterior and superior to the lateral sulcus.	Brodmann Area 8,Brodmann's Area 8,Frontal Cortex,Frontal Eye Fields,Lobus Frontalis,Supplementary Eye Field,Area 8, Brodmann,Area 8, Brodmann's,Brodmanns Area 8,Cortex, Frontal,Eye Field, Frontal,Eye Field, Supplementary,Eye Fields, Frontal,Frontal Cortices,Frontal Eye Field,Frontal Lobes,Lobe, Frontal,Supplementary Eye Fields
D006579	Heterozygote	An individual having different alleles at one or more loci regarding a specific character.	Carriers, Genetic,Genetic Carriers,Carrier, Genetic,Genetic Carrier,Heterozygotes
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293	Adolescent	A person 13 to 18 years of age.	Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths

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