Biomaterial Database

Multi-pathway risk assessment of trihalomethanes exposure in Istanbul drinking water supplies. 2006

Vedat Uyak

Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Turkey. uyakv@itu.edu.tr

The lifetime cancer risk and the hazard index of trihalomethanes (THMs) through oral ingestion, dermal absorption, and inhalation exposure from tap water of 15 districts in Istanbul are estimated. The most dominant THM compounds are chloroform, bromodichloromethane (BDCM), and dibromochloromethane (DBCM) in Istanbul tap water. The results indicate that within three different pathways, Istanbul residents had a higher cancer risk through oral ingestion than through the other two pathways. The lifetime cancer risks of oral ingestion for total THMs was highest in Esenyurt district, while the lowest lifetime cancer risk for total THMs was in Basaksehir district. The lifetime cancer risks of chloroform, BDCM, and DBCM from tap water of all 15 districts were higher than 10(-6), the negligible risk level defined by the USEPA. Among the 15 districts, people living in Esenyurt have the highest risk of cancer due to the THM exposure through the multi-pathways, mainly because of the exposure to BDCM and DBCM. The total cancer risk analysis concluded that each year approximately 5 of the 8 million Istanbul residents could get cancer from the daily intake of tap water.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009369	Neoplasms	New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	Benign Neoplasm,Cancer,Malignant Neoplasm,Tumor,Tumors,Benign Neoplasms,Malignancy,Malignant Neoplasms,Neoplasia,Neoplasm,Neoplasms, Benign,Cancers,Malignancies,Neoplasias,Neoplasm, Benign,Neoplasm, Malignant,Neoplasms, Malignant
D002274	Carcinogens, Environmental	Carcinogenic substances that are found in the environment.	Environmental Carcinogens
D004326	Drinking	The consumption of liquids.	Water Consumption,Water Intake,Drinkings
D004781	Environmental Exposure	The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.	Exposure, Environmental,Environmental Exposures,Exposures, Environmental
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000368	Aged	A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available.	Elderly
D012307	Risk Factors	An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, inborn or inherited characteristic, which, based on epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.	Health Correlates,Risk Factor Scores,Risk Scores,Social Risk Factors,Population at Risk,Populations at Risk,Correlates, Health,Factor, Risk,Factor, Social Risk,Factors, Social Risk,Risk Factor,Risk Factor Score,Risk Factor, Social,Risk Factors, Social,Risk Score,Score, Risk,Score, Risk Factor,Social Risk Factor