Biomaterial Database

CD8+ T cells in autoimmunity. 2005

Ulrich Walter, and Pere Santamaria

Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre and Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.

Mounting evidence shows that CD8(+) T cells contribute to the initiation, progression and regulation of several pathogenic autoimmune responses in which these cells were not previously thought to play a major role. CD8(+) T cells can kill target cells directly, by recognizing peptide-MHC complexes on target cells, or indirectly, by secreting cytokines capable of signaling through death receptors expressed on the target cell surface. Autoreactive CD8(+) T cells can also contribute to autoimmunity by releasing cytokines capable of increasing the susceptibility of target cells to cytotoxicity, or by secreting chemokines that attract other immune cells to the site of autoimmunity. Autoreactive CD8(+) T cells can also downregulate autoimmune responses. Recent important advances include a mechanistic understanding of events leading to the activation and recruitment of autoreactive CD8(+) T cells in certain autoimmune responses and a greater appreciation of the diverse roles that these T cells play in autoimmunity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001327	Autoimmune Diseases	Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.	Autoimmune Disease,Disease, Autoimmune,Diseases, Autoimmune
D013602	T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic	Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.	Cell-Mediated Lympholytic Cells,Cytotoxic T Cells,Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte,Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes,TC1 Cell,TC1 Cells,TC2 Cell,TC2 Cells,Cell Mediated Lympholytic Cells,Cell, Cell-Mediated Lympholytic,Cell, TC1,Cell, TC2,Cell-Mediated Lympholytic Cell,Cytotoxic T Cell,Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes,Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte,Lymphocyte, Cytotoxic T,Lympholytic Cell, Cell-Mediated,Lympholytic Cells, Cell-Mediated,T Cell, Cytotoxic,T Lymphocyte, Cytotoxic,T Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic,T-Lymphocyte, Cytotoxic
D015551	Autoimmunity	Process whereby the immune system reacts against the body's own tissues. Autoimmunity may produce or be caused by AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.	Autoimmune Response,Autoimmune Responses,Autoimmunities
D016176	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	A classification of T-lymphocytes, especially into helper/inducer, suppressor/effector, and cytotoxic subsets, based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells.	T-Cell Subset,T-Cell Subsets,T-Lymphocyte Subset,Subset, T-Cell,Subset, T-Lymphocyte,Subsets, T-Cell,Subsets, T-Lymphocyte,T Cell Subset,T Cell Subsets,T Lymphocyte Subset,T Lymphocyte Subsets
D016207	Cytokines	Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.	Cytokine
D018414	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.	Suppressor T-Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive,T8 Cells,T8 Lymphocytes,CD8-Positive Lymphocytes,Suppressor T-Cells, CD8-Positive,CD8 Positive Lymphocytes,CD8 Positive T Lymphocytes,CD8-Positive Lymphocyte,CD8-Positive Suppressor T-Cell,CD8-Positive Suppressor T-Cells,CD8-Positive Suppressor T-Lymphocyte,CD8-Positive Suppressor T-Lymphocytes,CD8-Positive T-Lymphocyte,Cell, T8,Cells, T8,Lymphocyte, CD8-Positive,Lymphocyte, T8,Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive,Lymphocytes, T8,Suppressor T Cells, CD8 Positive,Suppressor T Lymphocytes, CD8 Positive,Suppressor T-Cell, CD8-Positive,Suppressor T-Lymphocyte, CD8-Positive,T-Cell, CD8-Positive Suppressor,T-Cells, CD8-Positive Suppressor,T-Lymphocyte, CD8-Positive,T-Lymphocyte, CD8-Positive Suppressor,T-Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive,T-Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive Suppressor,T8 Cell,T8 Lymphocyte