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High prevalence of stably derepressed class-I beta-lactamase expression in multiresistant clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae from Greek hospitals. 1992

E Tzelepi, and L S Tzouvelekis, and A C Vatopoulos, and A F Mentis, and A Tsakris, and N J Legakis
Department of Bacteriology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.

Susceptibilities to cefotaxime (Ctx) and ceftazidime (Caz) were examined for 90 recent clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae from Greek hospitals. Most (68%) of the isolates were resistant to both drugs, and all were resistant to cefoxitin. beta-Lactamase activities against cephaloridine in crude extracts from Ctx-Caz-resistant isolates were high, irrespective of whether or not the cells were grown with cefoxitin as an inducer of the chromosomal beta-lactamase, indicating stable derepression of the gene for the enzyme. On the other hand, double disk antagonism tests showed that all the Ctx-Caz-sensitive isolates possessed inducible expression of this beta-lactamase. Iso-electric focusing revealed the presence of five forms of the chromosomal beta-lactamase, randomly distributed amongst the Ctx-Caz-resistant and -sensitive isolates. Plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases of TEM and PSE types also were found in many isolates. These data indicate that the extremely high prevalence of Ctx-Caz-resistant E. cloacae isolates in Greek hospitals is attributed to the dissemination of mutants which constitutively overproduce the class-I chromosomal beta-lactamase. Over 90% of these isolates exhibited cross-resistance to aminoglycosides, suggesting the accumulation of unrelated antibiotic resistance mechanisms.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007525 Isoelectric Focusing Electrophoresis in which a pH gradient is established in a gel medium and proteins migrate until they reach the site (or focus) at which the pH is equal to their isoelectric point. Electrofocusing,Focusing, Isoelectric
D008826 Microbial Sensitivity Tests Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses). Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D010405 Penicillinase A beta-lactamase preferentially cleaving penicillins. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 3.5.2.-. beta-Lactamase I,AER-I beta-Lactamase,Benzylpenicillinase,Carbenicillinase,Exopenicillinase,beta Lactamase III,beta Lactamase RP4,gamma-Penicillinase,AER I beta Lactamase,Lactamase RP4, beta,beta Lactamase I,beta-Lactamase, AER-I,gamma Penicillinase
D002439 Cefotaxime Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin. Benaxima,Biosint,Cefotaxim,Cefotaxime Sodium,Cefradil,Cephotaxim,Claforan,Fotexina,HR-756,Kendrick,Klaforan,Primafen,Ru-24756,Taporin,HR 756,HR756,Ru 24756,Ru24756,Sodium, Cefotaxime
D002442 Ceftazidime Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial derived from CEPHALORIDINE and used especially for Pseudomonas and other gram-negative infections in debilitated patients. Ceftazidime Anhydrous,Ceftazidime Pentahydrate,Fortaz,Fortum,GR-20263,LY-139381,Pyridinium, 1-((7-(((2-amino-4-thiazolyl)((1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)imino)acetyl)amino)-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-en-3-yl)methyl)-, inner salt, pentahydrate, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-,Tazidime,GR 20263,GR20263,LY 139381,LY139381
D004352 Drug Resistance, Microbial The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS). Antibiotic Resistance,Antibiotic Resistance, Microbial,Antimicrobial Resistance, Drug,Antimicrobial Drug Resistance,Antimicrobial Drug Resistances,Antimicrobial Resistances, Drug,Drug Antimicrobial Resistance,Drug Antimicrobial Resistances,Drug Resistances, Microbial,Resistance, Antibiotic,Resistance, Drug Antimicrobial,Resistances, Drug Antimicrobial
D004756 Enterobacteriaceae Infections Infections with bacteria of the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE. Enterobacterial Infections,Cronobacter Infections,Infections, Enterobacteriaceae,Infections, Enterobacterial,Cronobacter Infection,Enterobacteriaceae Infection,Enterobacterial Infection,Infection, Cronobacter,Infection, Enterobacteriaceae,Infection, Enterobacterial,Infections, Cronobacter
D004790 Enzyme Induction An increase in the rate of synthesis of an enzyme due to the presence of an inducer which acts to derepress the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis. Induction, Enzyme
D004794 Enzyme Repression The interference in synthesis of an enzyme due to the elevated level of an effector substance, usually a metabolite, whose presence would cause depression of the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis. Repression, Enzyme
D006115 Greece A country in southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey. The capital is Athens. Crete,Macedonia (Greece)

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