Biomaterial Database

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha mediates ultraviolet light B-enhanced expression of contact hypersensitivity. 1992

T Yoshikawa, and I Kurimoto, and J W Streilein

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33101.

Acute, low-dose ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) impairs the induction of contact hypersensitivity (CH) to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in certain inbred strains of mice (termed UVB-susceptible), but not in others (termed UVB-resistant). By contrast, exposure of mouse ear skin to an identical regimen of UVB has been reported to exaggerate the expression of CH. Recently, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) has been demonstrated to mediate the deleterious effects of UVB on CH induction, presumably through local release of TNF-alpha within UVB exposed skin. The present studies were conducted to determine whether TNF-alpha also mediates the exaggerated expression of CH induced by UVB radiation. It was found that TNF-alpha, injected intradermally at the ear challenge site, enhanced the expression of CH to DNFB in conventionally sensitized mice. Interestingly, TNF-alpha was able to amplify the expression of CH in the ears of both UVB-susceptible strains of mice, and UVB-resistant strains. However, anti-TNF-alpha antibodies neutralized UVB-enhanced CH in UVB-susceptible mice, but not in UVB-resistant mice. These findings support the proposition that TNF-alpha, released from UVB-exposed epidermal cells, is a critical mediator of the effects of UVB radiation on induction and expression of contact hypersensitivity. The effects of UVB radiation, intradermal (ID) TNF-alpha, and/or epicutaneously applied DNFB on epidermal Langerhans' cells were also evaluated and compared. Whereas epicutaneously applied DNFB alone profoundly depleted the epidermis of Langerhans' cells, DNFB painted on UVB-exposed or TNF-alpha-treated skin was much less effective at eliminating normal appearing Langerhans' cells. These results suggest that one direct effect of TNF-alpha on Langerhans' cells may be to immobilize these antigen-presenting cells transiently within the epidermis. It is proposed that this immobilization has the paradoxical effect (a) of interfering with sensitization, by preventing hapten-bearing Langerhans' cells from migrating to the draining lymph node, while at the same time (b) of amplifying CH expression by lengthening the interval of hapten retention and presentation with the epidermis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007801	Langerhans Cells	Recirculating, dendritic, antigen-presenting cells containing characteristic racket-shaped granules (Birbeck granules). They are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the EPIDERMIS and are rich in Class II MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX molecules. Langerhans cells were the first dendritic cell to be described and have been a model of study for other dendritic cells (DCs), especially other migrating DCs such as dermal DCs and INTERSTITIAL DENDRITIC CELLS.	Langerhans Cell,Dendritic Cells, Dermal,Dendritic Cells, Epidermal,Dendritic Cells, Skin,Dermal Dendritic Cells,Epidermal Dendritic Cells,Skin Dendritic Cells,Cell, Dermal Dendritic,Cell, Epidermal Dendritic,Cell, Langerhans,Cell, Skin Dendritic,Cells, Dermal Dendritic,Cells, Epidermal Dendritic,Cells, Langerhans,Cells, Skin Dendritic,Dendritic Cell, Dermal,Dendritic Cell, Epidermal,Dendritic Cell, Skin,Dermal Dendritic Cell,Epidermal Dendritic Cell,Skin Dendritic Cell
D008807	Mice, Inbred BALB C	An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research.	BALB C Mice, Inbred,BALB C Mouse, Inbred,Inbred BALB C Mice,Inbred BALB C Mouse,Mice, BALB C,Mouse, BALB C,Mouse, Inbred BALB C,BALB C Mice,BALB C Mouse
D008810	Mice, Inbred C57BL	One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases.	Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D011994	Recombinant Proteins	Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.	Biosynthetic Protein,Biosynthetic Proteins,DNA Recombinant Proteins,Recombinant Protein,Proteins, Biosynthetic,Proteins, Recombinant DNA,DNA Proteins, Recombinant,Protein, Biosynthetic,Protein, Recombinant,Proteins, DNA Recombinant,Proteins, Recombinant,Recombinant DNA Proteins,Recombinant Proteins, DNA
D003877	Dermatitis, Contact	A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	Contact Dermatitis,Dermatitis Venenata,Eczema, Contact,Hypersensitivity, Contact,Sensitivity, Contact,Contact Dermatitides,Contact Eczema,Contact Hypersensitivities,Contact Hypersensitivity,Contact Sensitivities,Contact Sensitivity,Dermatitides, Contact,Hypersensitivities, Contact,Sensitivities, Contact
D004139	Dinitrofluorobenzene	Irritants and reagents for labeling terminal amino acid groups.	DNFB,Fluorodinitrobenzene,1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene,1 Fluoro 2,4 dinitrobenzene
D004817	Epidermis	The external, nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers of EPITHELIUM: (1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); (2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); (3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); (4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and (5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis).
D005260	Female		Females
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000906	Antibodies	Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).