Biomaterial Database

Aneuploidy induction in mouse spermatocytes. 1992

B M Miller, and I D Adler

GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Säugetiergenetik, Neuherberg, FRG.

Assays for aneuploidy are being developed within a coordinated research program sponsored by the Commission of the European Communities. The 10 known and suspect spindle poisons colchicine (COL), econazole (EZ), chloral hydrate (CH), hydroquinone (HQ), diazepam (DZ), thiabendazole (TB), cadmium chloride (CD), pyrimethamine (PY), thimerosal (TM) and vinblastine (VBL) were tested for aneuploidy induction in male germ cells. Two different criteria were used for the evaluation of slides from testicular material of (102/El x C3H/El)F1 mice at different times (6, 14 and 22 h) after treatment with different doses of each of the test chemicals. Secondary spermatocytes of mice were evaluated by chromosome counting to determine the induction of hyperploidy. The proportions of spermatogonial mitoses, first and second meiotic metaphases were determined in order to recognize an effect of the test chemicals on testicular cell proliferation. COL, EZ, CH, HQ and VBL clearly increased the frequencies of hyperploid secondary spermatocytes which indicated non-disjunction induction during the first meiotic division. DZ and CD were less effective but significantly positive (P less than 0.05). Concomitantly, COL, EZ, CH, HQ, DZ, CD and VBL induced meiotic delay in primary and/or secondary spermatocytes. It is concluded that meiotic delay may be indicative for aneuploidy induction and the evaluation of changes in testicular cell proliferation described here could serve as a prescreen and partially substitute the time-consuming counting of metaphase chromosomes in secondary spermatocytes.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008540	Meiosis	A type of CELL NUCLEUS division, occurring during maturation of the GERM CELLS. Two successive cell nucleus divisions following a single chromosome duplication (S PHASE) result in daughter cells with half the number of CHROMOSOMES as the parent cells.	M Phase, Meiotic,Meiotic M Phase,M Phases, Meiotic,Meioses,Meiotic M Phases,Phase, Meiotic M,Phases, Meiotic M
D008938	Mitosis	A type of CELL NUCLEUS division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of CHROMOSOMES of the somatic cells of the species.	M Phase, Mitotic,Mitotic M Phase,M Phases, Mitotic,Mitoses,Mitotic M Phases,Phase, Mitotic M,Phases, Mitotic M
D009152	Mutagenicity Tests	Tests of chemical substances and physical agents for mutagenic potential. They include microbial, insect, mammalian cell, and whole animal tests.	Genetic Toxicity Tests,Genotoxicity Tests,Mutagen Screening,Tests, Genetic Toxicity,Toxicity Tests, Genetic,Genetic Toxicity Test,Genotoxicity Test,Mutagen Screenings,Mutagenicity Test,Screening, Mutagen,Screenings, Mutagen,Test, Genotoxicity,Tests, Genotoxicity,Toxicity Test, Genetic
D009153	Mutagens	Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.	Clastogen,Clastogens,Genotoxin,Genotoxins,Mutagen
D000782	Aneuploidy	The chromosomal constitution of cells which deviate from the normal by the addition or subtraction of CHROMOSOMES, chromosome pairs, or chromosome fragments. In a normally diploid cell (DIPLOIDY) the loss of a chromosome pair is termed nullisomy (symbol: 2N-2), the loss of a single chromosome is MONOSOMY (symbol: 2N-1), the addition of a chromosome pair is tetrasomy (symbol: 2N+2), the addition of a single chromosome is TRISOMY (symbol: 2N+1).	Aneuploid,Aneuploid Cell,Aneuploid Cells,Aneuploidies,Aneuploids,Cell, Aneuploid,Cells, Aneuploid
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013090	Spermatocytes	Male germ cells derived from SPERMATOGONIA. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo MEIOSIS and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to SPERMATIDS.	Spermiocytes,Spermatocyte,Spermiocyte
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus