Biomaterial Database

Placental localization of 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase in early and term human pregnancy. 1992

J J Erwich, and M J Keirse

Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Hospital, The Netherlands.

The human placenta possesses a large capacity for inactivation of prostanoids. This is due to the presence of large quantities of the NAD(+)-linked 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH type I; EC 1.1.1.141). In order to investigate whether a specific localization of PGDH is at the origin of the increasing placental PGDH activity during early pregnancy, PGDH activity was localized histochemically in placental tissue obtained in early pregnancy and at term. Intracellular PGDH activity was present in three distinct compartments in the placenta. First, the syncytiotrophoblast and second, the underlying cytotrophoblast layer of placental terminal villi contained PGDH. Third, scattered throughout the sections, we found chorion-like cells which showed strong staining for PGDH activity. The intensity of staining in samples before 12 weeks of gestation was much less than in samples after 12 weeks of gestation, which were comparable to those at term. Thus, the fetal cell layers at the boundary between the fetal tissues and the maternal blood have a great potential to inactivate prostanoids suggesting that the fetus protects itself against prostanoids of maternal origin.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010920	Placenta	A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).	Placentoma, Normal,Placentome,Placentas,Placentomes
D011247	Pregnancy	The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Gestation,Pregnancies
D011261	Pregnancy Trimester, First	The beginning third of a human PREGNANCY, from the first day of the last normal menstrual period (MENSTRUATION) through the completion of 14 weeks (98 days) of gestation.	Early Placental Phase,Pregnancy, First Trimester,Trimester, First,Early Placental Phases,First Pregnancy Trimester,First Pregnancy Trimesters,First Trimester,First Trimester Pregnancies,First Trimester Pregnancy,First Trimesters,Phase, Early Placental,Phases, Early Placental,Placental Phase, Early,Placental Phases, Early,Pregnancies, First Trimester,Pregnancy Trimesters, First,Trimesters, First
D011263	Pregnancy Trimester, Third	The last third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 29th through the 42nd completed week (197 to 294 days) of gestation.	Pregnancy, Third Trimester,Trimester, Third,Last Trimester,Last Trimesters,Pregnancies, Third Trimester,Pregnancy Trimesters, Third,Third Pregnancy Trimester,Third Pregnancy Trimesters,Third Trimester,Third Trimester Pregnancies,Third Trimester Pregnancy,Third Trimesters,Trimester, Last,Trimesters, Last,Trimesters, Third
D002824	Chorionic Villi	Threadlike vascular projections of the chorion. Chorionic villi may be free or embedded within the DECIDUA forming the site for exchange of substances between fetal and maternal blood (PLACENTA).	Placental Villi,Labyrinth of the Placenta,Labyrinthine Placenta,Placental Labyrinth Layer,Chorionic Villus,Labyrinth Layer, Placental,Placental Labyrinth Layers,Placental Villus,Villi, Chorionic,Villi, Placental,Villus, Chorionic,Villus, Placental
D005260	Female		Females
D006651	Histocytochemistry	Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.	Cytochemistry
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006911	Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases	Catalyzes reversibly the oxidation of hydroxyl groups of prostaglandins.	Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase,Prostacyclin Dehydrogenase,Dehydrogenase, Hydroxyprostaglandin,Dehydrogenase, Prostacyclin,Dehydrogenases, Hydroxyprostaglandin
D014327	Trophoblasts	Cells lining the outside of the BLASTOCYST. After binding to the ENDOMETRIUM, trophoblasts develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblasts, which form the early fetal-maternal interface (PLACENTA).	Cytotrophoblasts,Syncytiotrophoblasts,Trophoblast,Cytotrophoblast,Syncytiotrophoblast