Biomaterial Database

The OSHA bloodborne pathogens standard. 1992

M M Jackson, and G Pugliese

1. The OSHA Standard is intended to reduce the risks to health-care workers of exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Because the patient's HIV or HBV status is often unknown, the Standard focuses on reducing the risks of exposure to blood and those body fluids to which universal precautions apply. 2. Engineering and work practice controls to reduce the risk of exposure include techniques for handling, cleaning, and decontaminating instruments with minimal hand contact; using containers to pass surgical instruments; wearing puncture-resistant gloves; and using forceps or clamps to remove scalpel blades from knife handles. 3. Employers must provide personal protective equipment at no cost. This equipment must prevent blood or other potentially hazardous materials from passing through or reaching employee's work or street clothes, skin, eyes, mouth, or other mucous membranes during normal conditions for the duration of time used.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009784	Occupational Diseases	Diseases caused by factors involved in one's employment.	Diseases, Occupational,Occupational Illnesses,Disease, Occupational,Illnesse, Occupational,Illnesses, Occupational,Occupational Disease,Occupational Illnesse
D011481	Protective Clothing	Clothing designed to protect the individual against possible exposure to known hazards.	Clothing, Protective
D006282	Health Personnel	Men and women working in the provision of health services, whether as individual practitioners or employees of health institutions and programs, whether or not professionally trained, and whether or not subject to public regulation. (From A Discursive Dictionary of Health Care, 1976)	Health Care Professionals,Health Care Providers,Healthcare Providers,Healthcare Workers,Health Care Professional,Health Care Provider,Healthcare Provider,Healthcare Worker,Personnel, Health,Professional, Health Care,Provider, Health Care,Provider, Healthcare
D006509	Hepatitis B	INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.	Hepatitis B Virus Infection
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000163	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.	AIDS,Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired,Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired,Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome,Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome,Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome,Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes,Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired,Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes, Acquired,Immunodeficiency Syndromes, Acquired,Syndrome, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency,Syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency,Syndromes, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency,Syndromes, Acquired Immunodeficiency
D014481	United States	A country in NORTH AMERICA between CANADA and MEXICO.
D014489	United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration	An office in the Department of Labor responsible for developing and establishing occupational safety and health standards.	OSHA,Occupational Safety and Health Administration (U.S.),Occupational Safety and Health Administration,Occupational Safety, Health Administration, United States,United States Occupational Health Administration,United States Occupational Safety Administration,United States Occupational Safety, Health Administration