Biomaterial Database

Is N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine a hormonal carcinogen? (Review). 1991

M Kodama, and T Kodama, and M Kodama

Kodama Research Institute of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.

The hormonal aspect of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) is discussed in relation to its carcinogenic potency for the gastric epithelium. The action of MNNG, as assessed in terms of a) the affinities for both the glucocorticoid receptor and androgen receptor of mouse, b) the effects on the turnover of hydrocortisone and dihydrotestosterone in the glandular stomach of mouse, c) the induction of ornithine decarboxylase in the same tissue, and d) the interfering effect on the hydrocortisone - linked acceleration of water turnover at the whole body level of a mouse, points to the steroid-mimetic nature of the carcinogen. It is suggested that MNNG may behave like an androgen antagonist on the one hand, and like a chimera between glucocorticoid agonist and glycocorticoid antagonist on the other hand. The proposition that a chemical carcinogen may have an interplay with the steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily in the induction of malignant transformation is reviewed in the light of recent progress of steroid receptor biology.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008769	Methylnitronitrosoguanidine	A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.	Methylnitrosonitroguanidine,Nitrosomethylnitroguanidine,Nitrosonitromethylguanidine,MNNG,N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine,N Methyl N' nitro N nitrosoguanidine
D008958	Models, Molecular	Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.	Molecular Models,Model, Molecular,Molecular Model
D008968	Molecular Conformation	The characteristic three-dimensional shape of a molecule.	Molecular Configuration,3D Molecular Structure,Configuration, Molecular,Molecular Structure, Three Dimensional,Three Dimensional Molecular Structure,3D Molecular Structures,Configurations, Molecular,Conformation, Molecular,Conformations, Molecular,Molecular Configurations,Molecular Conformations,Molecular Structure, 3D,Molecular Structures, 3D,Structure, 3D Molecular,Structures, 3D Molecular
D011956	Receptors, Cell Surface	Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behavior of the target cell (From Alberts, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, pp693-5). Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands.	Cell Surface Receptor,Cell Surface Receptors,Hormone Receptors, Cell Surface,Receptors, Endogenous Substances,Cell Surface Hormone Receptors,Endogenous Substances Receptors,Receptor, Cell Surface,Surface Receptor, Cell
D006728	Hormones	Chemical substances having a specific regulatory effect on the activity of a certain organ or organs. The term was originally applied to substances secreted by various ENDOCRINE GLANDS and transported in the bloodstream to the target organs. It is sometimes extended to include those substances that are not produced by the endocrine glands but that have similar effects.	Hormone,Hormone Receptor Agonists,Agonists, Hormone Receptor,Receptor Agonists, Hormone
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013256	Steroids	A group of polycyclic compounds closely related biochemically to TERPENES. They include cholesterol, numerous hormones, precursors of certain vitamins, bile acids, alcohols (STEROLS), and certain natural drugs and poisons. Steroids have a common nucleus, a fused, reduced 17-carbon atom ring system, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene. Most steroids also have two methyl groups and an aliphatic side-chain attached to the nucleus. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)	Steroid,Catatoxic Steroids,Steroids, Catatoxic
D015870	Gene Expression	The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.	Expression, Gene,Expressions, Gene,Gene Expressions
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus