Minerals leached into drinking water from rubber stoppers. 1991

B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
Carbohydrate Nutrition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, MD 20705.

Drinking water and its delivery system are potential sources of variation in animal research. Concern arose that rubber stoppers used to cork water bottles might be a source of some nutritionally required minerals which could leach into drinking water. Six types of stoppers, each having different compositions, were cleaned with stainless-steel sipper tubes inserted into them and attached to polypropylene bottles filled with either deionized water (pH 4.5) or acidified-deionized water (pH 2.5). After six days of contact, water levels of copper, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, chromium, and selenium were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Additionally, three of the stopper types were analyzed for mineral content. Minerals were present in both stoppers and drinking water. Acidified-deionized water generally leached minerals from the stoppers than did deionized water. The black stopper which is commonly used in animal facilities contained and leached measurable levels of some minerals, but it still can be recommended for typical animal husbandry uses, although other types of stoppers would be more suitable for specific nutritional and toxicologic studies.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008903 Minerals Native, inorganic or fossilized organic substances having a definite chemical composition and formed by inorganic reactions. They may occur as individual crystals or may be disseminated in some other mineral or rock. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Mineral
D009751 Nutritional Requirements The amounts of various substances in food needed by an organism to sustain healthy life. Dietary Requirements,Nutrition Requirements,Dietary Requirement,Nutrition Requirement,Nutritional Requirement,Requirement, Dietary,Requirement, Nutrition,Requirement, Nutritional,Requirements, Dietary,Requirements, Nutrition,Requirements, Nutritional
D004326 Drinking The consumption of liquids. Water Consumption,Water Intake,Drinkings
D006863 Hydrogen-Ion Concentration The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012408 Rubber A high-molecular-weight polymeric elastomer derived from the milk juice (LATEX) of HEVEA brasiliensis and other trees and plants. It is a substance that can be stretched at room temperature to at least twice its original length and after releasing the stress, retract rapidly, and recover its original dimensions fully. Latex Rubber,Elastica,India Rubber,Natural Rubber,Plant Rubber,Vulcanite,Natural Rubbers,Plant Rubbers,Rubber, Natural,Rubber, Plant,Rubbers, Natural,Rubbers, Plant
D014874 Water Pollutants, Chemical Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water. Chemical Water Pollutants,Landfill Leachate,Leachate, Landfill,Pollutants, Chemical Water
D014881 Water Supply Means or process of supplying water (as for a community) usually including reservoirs, tunnels, and pipelines and often the watershed from which the water is ultimately drawn. (Webster, 3d ed) Supplies, Water,Supply, Water,Water Supplies
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

Related Publications

B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
July 1986, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences,
B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
January 1984, Journal of parenteral science and technology : a publication of the Parenteral Drug Association,
B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
January 1983, Journal of parenteral science and technology : a publication of the Parenteral Drug Association,
B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
August 2019, Environmental science & technology,
B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
January 2012, Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny,
B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
January 1996, Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis,
B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
July 1985, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences,
B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
January 1862, The Dental register,
B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
March 1955, Pharmaceutica acta Helvetiae,
B W Kennedy, and T S Beal
January 1993, Journal of parenteral science and technology : a publication of the Parenteral Drug Association,
Copied contents to your clipboard!