Bacterial sinusitis and otitis media following influenza virus infection in ferrets. 2006

Ville T Peltola, and Kelli L Boyd, and Julie L McAuley, and Jerold E Rehg, and Jonathan A McCullers
Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale St., Memphis, TN 38105-2794, USA.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of otitis media, sinusitis, and pneumonia. Many of these infections result from antecedent influenza virus infections. In this study we sought to determine whether the frequency and character of secondary pneumococcal infections differed depending on the strain of influenza virus that preceded bacterial challenge. In young ferrets infected with influenza virus and then challenged with pneumococcus, influenza viruses of any subtype increased bacterial colonization of the nasopharynx. Nine out of 10 ferrets infected with H3N2 subtype influenza A viruses developed either sinusitis or otitis media, while only 1 out of 11 ferrets infected with either an H1N1 influenza A virus or an influenza B virus did so. These data may partially explain why bacterial complication rates are higher during seasons when H3N2 viruses predominate. This animal model will be useful for further study of the mechanisms that underlie viral-bacterial synergism.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009297 Nasal Mucosa The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells. Nasal Epithelium,Schneiderian Membrane,Epithelium, Nasal,Membrane, Schneiderian,Mucosa, Nasal
D009976 Orthomyxoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. Orthomyxovirus Infections,Infections, Orthomyxoviridae,Infections, Orthomyxovirus,Swine Influenza,Infection, Orthomyxoviridae,Infection, Orthomyxovirus,Influenza, Swine,Orthomyxoviridae Infection,Orthomyxovirus Infection
D009981 Influenza B virus Species of the genus BETAINFLUENZAVIRUS that cause HUMAN INFLUENZA and other diseases primarily in humans. Antigenic variation is less extensive than in type A viruses (INFLUENZA A VIRUS) and consequently there is no basis for distinct subtypes or variants. Epidemics are less likely than with INFLUENZA A VIRUS and there have been no pandemics. Previously only found in humans, Influenza B virus has been isolated from seals which may constitute the animal reservoir from which humans are exposed. Betainfluenzavirus influenzae,FLUBV,Human Influenza B Virus,Influenza Viruses Type B,Influenza virus type B,Orthomyxoviruses Type B,Influenza B viruses
D010033 Otitis Media Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE. Middle Ear Inflammation,Inflammation, Middle Ear
D011008 Pneumococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE. Streptococcus pneumoniae Infections,Infections, Pneumococcal,Infections, Streptococcus pneumoniae,Pneumococcal Diseases,Disease, Pneumococcal,Diseases, Pneumococcal,Infection, Pneumococcal,Infection, Streptococcus pneumoniae,Pneumococcal Disease,Pneumococcal Infection,Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D005289 Ferrets Semidomesticated variety of European polecat much used for hunting RODENTS and/or RABBITS and as a laboratory animal. It is in the subfamily Mustelinae, family MUSTELIDAE. Domestic Polecat,Domestic Polecats,European Polecat,European Polecats,Ferret,Mustela putorius,Mustela putorius furo,Polecat, Domestic,Polecat, European,Polecats, Domestic,Polecats, European
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012852 Sinusitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES. Sinus Infections,Infection, Sinus,Infections, Sinus,Sinus Infection,Sinusitides
D053118 Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS with the surface proteins hemagglutinin 1 and neuraminidase 1. The H1N1 subtype was responsible for the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemic. H1N1 Influenza Virus,H1N1 Virus,H1N1 subtype,H1N1v Viruses,Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09,Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 Virus,Influenza A H1N1, Variant Virus,Swine-Origin Influenza A H1N1 Virus,H1N1 Influenza Viruses,H1N1 Viruses,H1N1 subtypes,H1N1v Virus,Influenza Virus, H1N1,Swine Origin Influenza A H1N1 Virus,Virus, H1N1,Virus, H1N1 Influenza,Virus, H1N1v,subtype, H1N1

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