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Electrocochleography in the evaluation of patients with Ménière's disease/endolymphatic hydrops. 2006

John A Ferraro, and John D Durrant
Hearing and Speech Department, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160-7605, USA. jferraro@kumc.edu

Electrocochleography (ECochG) has evolved as an important tool in the diagnosis/assessment/monitoring of Ménière's disease/endolymphatic hydrops (MD/ELH). This manuscript provides an update on the use of ECochG for these purposes. The material presented includes descriptions of the components of the electrocochleogram; ECochG recording approaches and parameters; how to prepare for an exam, including subject/patient considerations; construction and placement of a tympanic membrane recording electrode; and interpretation the electrocochleogram. Various approaches aimed at improving ECochG's sensitivity and specificity to MD/ELH also are described. These approaches go beyond simple measurement of the now-conventional summating potential (SP)/action potential (AP) magnitude ratio to include the SP magnitude to tonebursts, the SP/AP area ratio, and the AP latency difference to clicks of opposing polarity.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008575 Meniere Disease A disease of the inner ear (LABYRINTH) that is characterized by fluctuating SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; TINNITUS; episodic VERTIGO; and aural fullness. It is the most common form of endolymphatic hydrops. Meniere's Disease,Meniere's Syndrome,Vertigo, Aural,Auditory Vertigo,Aural Vertigo,Ménière Disease,Ménière's Disease,Ménière's Vertigo,Otogenic Vertigo,Auditory Vertigos,Disease, Meniere,Disease, Meniere's,Disease, Ménière,Disease, Ménière's,Diseases, Ménière,Diseases, Ménière's,Meniere Syndrome,Menieres Disease,Menieres Syndrome,Ménière Diseases,Ménière Vertigo,Ménière's Diseases,Ménière's Vertigos,Ménières Disease,Ménières Vertigo,Otogenic Vertigos,Syndrome, Meniere's,Vertigo, Auditory,Vertigo, Ménière's,Vertigo, Otogenic,Vertigos, Auditory,Vertigos, Ménière's,Vertigos, Otogenic
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000161 Acoustic Stimulation Use of sound to elicit a response in the nervous system. Auditory Stimulation,Stimulation, Acoustic,Stimulation, Auditory
D000200 Action Potentials Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli. Spike Potentials,Nerve Impulses,Action Potential,Impulse, Nerve,Impulses, Nerve,Nerve Impulse,Potential, Action,Potential, Spike,Potentials, Action,Potentials, Spike,Spike Potential
D001300 Audiometry, Evoked Response A form of electrophysiologic audiometry in which an analog computer is included in the circuit to average out ongoing or spontaneous brain wave activity. A characteristic pattern of response to a sound stimulus may then become evident. Evoked response audiometry is known also as electric response audiometry. Audiometry, Electroencephalic Response,Electrocochleography,Evoked Response Audiometry,Audiometries, Electroencephalic Response,Audiometries, Evoked Response,Electrocochleographies,Electroencephalic Response Audiometries,Electroencephalic Response Audiometry,Evoked Response Audiometries,Response Audiometries, Electroencephalic,Response Audiometries, Evoked,Response Audiometry, Electroencephalic,Response Audiometry, Evoked
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D018159 Endolymphatic Hydrops An accumulation of ENDOLYMPH in the inner ear (LABYRINTH) leading to buildup of pressure and distortion of intralabyrinthine structures, such as COCHLEA and SEMICIRCULAR CANALS. It is characterized by SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS; TINNITUS; and sometimes VERTIGO. Hydrops, Endolymphatic

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