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Positional cloning of a cyromazine resistance gene in Drosophila melanogaster. 2006

Z Chen, and C Robin, and J Damiano, and J Lydall, and C Lumb, and K Smith, and A Blasetti, and P J Daborn, and D Heckel, and J A McKenzie, and P Batterham
Centre for Environmental Stress and Adaptation Research, Department of Genetics, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.

Cyromazine is an effective insecticide used to control dipteran insects. Its precise mode of action is yet to be determined, although it has been suggested that it interferes with the hormone system, sclerotization of the cuticle, or nucleic acid metabolism. To understand the way in which cyromazine acts, we have positionally cloned a cyromazine resistance gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Six cyromazine resistance alleles had previously been generated by ethyl methanasulphonate treatment. Two of these failed to complement each other and here we identify them as having independent non-sense mutations in CG32743, which is an ortholog of Smg1 of worms and mammals and encodes a phosphatidylinositol kinase-like kinase (PIKK). RNAi experiments confirm that cyromazine resistance can be achieved by knocking down CG32743. These are the first cyromazine resistant mutations identified at the nucleotide level. In mammals Smg1 phosphorylates P53 in response to DNA damage. This finding supports the hypothesis that cyromazine interferes with nucleic acid metabolism.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007305 Insecticide Resistance The development by insects of resistance to insecticides. Insecticide Resistances,Resistance, Insecticide,Resistances, Insecticide
D008297 Male Males
D009154 Mutation Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations. Mutations
D003001 Cloning, Molecular The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells. Molecular Cloning
D004331 Drosophila melanogaster A species of fruit fly frequently used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes. D. melanogaster,Drosophila melanogasters,melanogaster, Drosophila
D005260 Female Females
D000483 Alleles Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product. Allelomorphs,Allele,Allelomorph
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014227 Triazines Heterocyclic rings containing three nitrogen atoms, commonly in 1,2,4 or 1,3,5 or 2,4,6 formats. Some are used as HERBICIDES. Triazine,Benzotriazines
D017344 Genes, Insect The functional hereditary units of INSECTS. Insect Genes,Gene, Insect,Insect Gene

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