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Heavy metal concentrations of different predatory insects were studied near by a steel factory and from control sites. Waterstriders (Gerridae), dragon fly larvae (Odonata), antlion larvae (Myrmeleontidae) and ants (Formicidae) were analyzed by AAS. In most cases the metal concentrations were higher near the factory, but e.g. waterstriders had higher cadmium concentrations in control area. Discriminant analysis clearly reveals that all these insect groups can be used as heavy metal indicators. However, the commonly used ants were the least effective in indicating the differences between the factory and control sites. Waterstriders are good in detecting differences in iron and manganese, but seem to be poor in accumulating nickel and lead. Antlions are efficient in detecting differences in iron. Antlions and ants are effective in accumulating manganese; as well antlions are efficient in accumulating cadmium. Waterstriders are poor in accumulating lead, but antlions and ants are effective.
Matti Nummelin, and
Martin Lodenius, and
Esa Tulisalo, and
Heikki Hirvonen, and
Timo Alanko
May 2024,
Environmental research,
Matti Nummelin, and
Martin Lodenius, and
Esa Tulisalo, and
Heikki Hirvonen, and
Timo Alanko
December 2006,
Environmental monitoring and assessment,
Matti Nummelin, and
Martin Lodenius, and
Esa Tulisalo, and
Heikki Hirvonen, and
Timo Alanko
April 2023,
Marine pollution bulletin,
Matti Nummelin, and
Martin Lodenius, and
Esa Tulisalo, and
Heikki Hirvonen, and
Timo Alanko
January 1987,
Nauchnye doklady vysshei shkoly. Biologicheskie nauki,
Matti Nummelin, and
Martin Lodenius, and
Esa Tulisalo, and
Heikki Hirvonen, and
Timo Alanko
February 1976,
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology,
Matti Nummelin, and
Martin Lodenius, and
Esa Tulisalo, and
Heikki Hirvonen, and
Timo Alanko
March 2018,
Marine pollution bulletin,
Matti Nummelin, and
Martin Lodenius, and
Esa Tulisalo, and
Heikki Hirvonen, and
Timo Alanko
October 2025,
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987),
Matti Nummelin, and
Martin Lodenius, and
Esa Tulisalo, and
Heikki Hirvonen, and
Timo Alanko
January 2015,
BioMed research international,
Matti Nummelin, and
Martin Lodenius, and
Esa Tulisalo, and
Heikki Hirvonen, and
Timo Alanko
January 2023,
Mycobiology,
Matti Nummelin, and
Martin Lodenius, and
Esa Tulisalo, and
Heikki Hirvonen, and
Timo Alanko
February 2009,
Environmental monitoring and assessment,
