The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia. 1991

M G Woerner, and J M Kane, and J A Lieberman, and J Alvir, and K J Bergmann, and M Borenstein, and N R Schooler, and S Mukherjee, and J Rotrosen, and M Rubinstein
Department of Psychiatry, Hillside Hospital, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Glen Oaks, New York 11004.

A total of 2250 subjects from psychiatric and geriatric settings was examined for abnormal involuntary movements by the same team of trained raters employing a standard examination technique and rating scale. "Spontaneous" dyskinesia rates were 1.3% among 400 healthy elderly people surveyed at senior citizens centers, 4.8% among medical geriatric inpatients and ranged from 0 to 2% among psychiatric patients never exposed to neuroleptics. For samples of neuroleptic-treated patients, prevalence rates ranged from 13.3% among patients at a voluntary psychiatric hospital to 36.1% among state hospital patients. Logistic regression analyses revealed a large effect of age on tardive dyskinesia prevalence and an interaction of age with sex. Among younger subjects, men had higher rates; among subjects over age 40, rates were higher for women. Edentulousness and presence of other neurological disorders were possible contributors to high rates for the elderly. Even with control for age, sex and duration of neuroleptic exposure, prevalence differed markedly across study site.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D003778 Dentures An appliance used as an artificial or prosthetic replacement for missing teeth and adjacent tissues. It does not include CROWNS; DENTAL ABUTMENTS; nor TOOTH, ARTIFICIAL. Denture
D004409 Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199) Dyskinesia, Medication-Induced,Medication-Induced Dyskinesia,Drug-Induced Dyskinesia,Drug-Induced Dyskinesias,Dyskinesia, Drug Induced,Dyskinesia, Medication Induced,Dyskinesias, Drug-Induced,Dyskinesias, Medication-Induced,Medication Induced Dyskinesia,Medication-Induced Dyskinesias
D004565 Electroconvulsive Therapy Electrically induced CONVULSIONS primarily used in the treatment of severe AFFECTIVE DISORDERS and SCHIZOPHRENIA. Convulsive Therapy, Electric,ECT (Psychotherapy),Electroshock Therapy,Shock Therapy, Electric,Convulsive Therapies, Electric,Electric Convulsive Therapies,Electric Convulsive Therapy,Electric Shock Therapies,Electric Shock Therapy,Electroconvulsive Therapies,Electroshock Therapies,Shock Therapies, Electric,Therapies, Electric Convulsive,Therapies, Electric Shock,Therapies, Electroconvulsive,Therapies, Electroshock,Therapy, Electric Convulsive,Therapy, Electric Shock,Therapy, Electroconvulsive,Therapy, Electroshock
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000367 Age Factors Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time. Age Reporting,Age Factor,Factor, Age,Factors, Age
D000704 Analysis of Variance A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable. ANOVA,Analysis, Variance,Variance Analysis,Analyses, Variance,Variance Analyses
D012559 Schizophrenia A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior. Dementia Praecox,Schizophrenic Disorders,Disorder, Schizophrenic,Disorders, Schizophrenic,Schizophrenias,Schizophrenic Disorder

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