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A new syndrome with growth and mental retardation, mandibulofacial dysostosis, microcephaly, and cleft palate. 2006

Maria Leine Guion-Almeida, and Roseli Maria Zechi-Ceide, and Siulan Vendramini, and Alfredo Tabith Ju Nior
Clinical Genetics Phoniatry, Hospital de Reabilitac¸a˜o de Anomalias Craniofaciais, University of Sa˜o Paulo (USP), Bauru Divisa˜o de Educac¸a˜o e Reabilitac¸a˜o dos Distu´rbios da Comunicac¸a˜o, Pontifícia University of Sa˜o Paulo, SP, Brazil.

We report on two new Brazilian cases and reviewed two previously reported patients with a characteristic combination of signs including mandibulofacial dysostosis, a clinical suggestion of trigonocephaly, microcephaly, unusual ears with skin tags, and cleft palate. Follow-up of these patients revealed growth and mental retardation, and severe language and speech delay. A review of the literature and database programs did not find any syndromes that matched this constellation of findings. We believe that this combination of signs represents a new mandibulofacial dysostosis syndrome whose etiology is unknown.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007223 Infant A child between 1 and 23 months of age. Infants
D008297 Male Males
D008342 Mandibulofacial Dysostosis A hereditary disorder occurring in two forms: the complete form (Franceschetti's syndrome) is characterized by a slant of the palpebral fissures, COLOBOMA of the lower lid, MICROGNATHIA and hypoplasia of the ZYGOMATIC ARCHES, and CONGENITAL MICROTIA. It is transmitted as an autosomal trait. The incomplete form (Treacher Collins syndrome) is characterized by the same anomalies in less pronounced degree. It occurs sporadically, but an autosomal dominant mode of transmission is suspected. (Dorland, 27th ed) MFD1 Mandibulofacial Dysostosis,Treacher Collins Syndrome,Franceschetti-Zwahlen-Klein Syndrome,Mandibulofacial Dysostosis (MFD1),Treacher Collins-Franceschetti Syndrome,Dysostoses, MFD1 Mandibulofacial,Dysostoses, Mandibulofacial,Dysostoses, Mandibulofacial (MFD1),Dysostosis, MFD1 Mandibulofacial,Dysostosis, Mandibulofacial,Dysostosis, Mandibulofacial (MFD1),Franceschetti Zwahlen Klein Syndrome,Franceschetti-Zwahlen-Klein Syndromes,MFD1 Mandibulofacial Dysostoses,Mandibulofacial Dysostoses,Mandibulofacial Dysostoses (MFD1),Mandibulofacial Dysostoses, MFD1,Mandibulofacial Dysostosis, MFD1,Syndrome, Franceschetti-Zwahlen-Klein,Syndrome, Treacher Collins,Syndrome, Treacher Collins-Franceschetti,Syndromes, Franceschetti-Zwahlen-Klein,Syndromes, Treacher Collins-Franceschetti,Treacher Collins Franceschetti Syndrome,Treacher Collins-Franceschetti Syndromes
D008607 Intellectual Disability Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28) Disability, Intellectual,Idiocy,Mental Retardation,Retardation, Mental,Deficiency, Mental,Intellectual Development Disorder,Mental Deficiency,Mental Retardation, Psychosocial,Deficiencies, Mental,Development Disorder, Intellectual,Development Disorders, Intellectual,Disabilities, Intellectual,Disorder, Intellectual Development,Disorders, Intellectual Development,Intellectual Development Disorders,Intellectual Disabilities,Mental Deficiencies,Mental Retardations, Psychosocial,Psychosocial Mental Retardation,Psychosocial Mental Retardations,Retardation, Psychosocial Mental,Retardations, Psychosocial Mental
D008831 Microcephaly A congenital abnormality in which the CEREBRUM is underdeveloped, the fontanels close prematurely, and, as a result, the head is small. (Desk Reference for Neuroscience, 2nd ed.) Microlissencephaly,Severe Congenital Microcephaly,Congenital Microcephalies, Severe,Congenital Microcephaly, Severe,Microcephalies,Microcephalies, Severe Congenital,Microcephaly, Severe Congenital,Microlissencephalies,Severe Congenital Microcephalies
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D002675 Child, Preschool A child between the ages of 2 and 5. Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D002972 Cleft Palate Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate, due to faulty fusion. Cleft Palate, Isolated,Cleft Palates,Palate, Cleft,Palates, Cleft
D004423 Ear The hearing and equilibrium system of the body. It consists of three parts: the EXTERNAL EAR, the MIDDLE EAR, and the INNER EAR. Sound waves are transmitted through this organ where vibration is transduced to nerve signals that pass through the ACOUSTIC NERVE to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The inner ear also contains the vestibular organ that maintains equilibrium by transducing signals to the VESTIBULAR NERVE. Vestibulocochlear System,Vestibulocochlear Apparatus,Apparatus, Vestibulocochlear,Ears,System, Vestibulocochlear
D005260 Female Females

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