Biomaterial Database

13-C nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the lipid organization in enveloped virions (vesicular stomatitis virus). 1975

W Stoffel, and K Bister

13-C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies are described regarding the lipid organization in the envelope of the vesicular stomatitis virion. The fatty acid chains (oleic acid) and the choline moiety of the 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine and spingomyelin have been labeled specifically with 13-C by growing the virions in prelabeled host cells (BHK 21 cells). The results suggest that 130C NMR spectroscopy is a very feasible method for the study of natural membranes provided the isotope is highly enriched in specific positions and incorporated biochemically. Spin-lattice relaxation (T1) measurements of particular C atoms have been carried out with whole virions, with virions deprived of their surface projections by trypsinization but unaltered in their shape and size, and with liposomes prepared from the total lipid mixture of the envelope in order to get insight into the molecular structure of this model membrane. The mobility of the central part of 11-13-C-labeled oleic acid incorporated into the ester and amide lipids and the choline group of 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin is very restricted as indicated by their short T1 times. It is concluded from the data presented here that the high cholesterol content (cholesterol/P: 0.7) of the envelope lipid phase is responsible for the rather rigidly packed envelope structure. The mode and extent of the interactions between lipids and glycoprotein surface projections are subjects for further study.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D008055	Lipids	A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Lipid
D008081	Liposomes	Artificial, single or multilaminar vesicles (made from lecithins or other lipids) that are used for the delivery of a variety of biological molecules or molecular complexes to cells, for example, drug delivery and gene transfer. They are also used to study membranes and membrane proteins.	Niosomes,Transferosomes,Ultradeformable Liposomes,Liposomes, Ultra-deformable,Liposome,Liposome, Ultra-deformable,Liposome, Ultradeformable,Liposomes, Ultra deformable,Liposomes, Ultradeformable,Niosome,Transferosome,Ultra-deformable Liposome,Ultra-deformable Liposomes,Ultradeformable Liposome
D008566	Membranes	Thin layers of tissue which cover parts of the body, separate adjacent cavities, or connect adjacent structures.	Membrane Tissue,Membrane,Membrane Tissues,Tissue, Membrane,Tissues, Membrane
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D009682	Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy	Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).	In Vivo NMR Spectroscopy,MR Spectroscopy,Magnetic Resonance,NMR Spectroscopy,NMR Spectroscopy, In Vivo,Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,Spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance,Spectroscopy, NMR,Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopies,Magnetic Resonance, Nuclear,NMR Spectroscopies,Resonance Spectroscopy, Magnetic,Resonance, Magnetic,Resonance, Nuclear Magnetic,Spectroscopies, NMR,Spectroscopy, MR
D009829	Oleic Acids	A group of fatty acids that contain 18 carbon atoms and a double bond at the omega 9 carbon.	Octadecenoic Acids,Acids, Octadecenoic,Acids, Oleic
D010713	Phosphatidylcholines	Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	Choline Phosphoglycerides,Choline Glycerophospholipids,Phosphatidyl Choline,Phosphatidyl Cholines,Phosphatidylcholine,Choline, Phosphatidyl,Cholines, Phosphatidyl,Glycerophospholipids, Choline,Phosphoglycerides, Choline
D002247	Carbon Isotopes	Stable carbon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element carbon but differ in atomic weight. C-13 is a stable carbon isotope.	Carbon Isotope,Isotope, Carbon,Isotopes, Carbon
D002460	Cell Line	Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.	Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell