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[Acne vulgaris: endocrine aspects]. 2006

O M Dekkers, and B H Thio, and J A Romijn, and J W A Smit
Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Endocrinologie, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC Leiden. o.m.dekkers@lumc.nl

Androgens play an important part in the development of acne vulgaris. Androgen levels in patients with acne are higher than those in controls and people with the androgen insensitivity syndrome do not develop acne. Local factors other than androgen plasma levels, also play a part in the development of acne. The skin contains enzymes that convert precursor hormones to the more potent androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Androgen synthesis can therefore be regulated locally. The effects of androgens on the skin are the result of circulating androgens and enzyme activity in local tissues and androgen receptors. Acne is a clinical manifestation of some endocrine diseases. The polycystic ovary syndrome has the highest prevalence. In women with acne that persists after puberty, in 10-200% of cases polycystic ovary syndrome is later diagnosed. The mechanism of hormonal anti-acne therapy may work by blocking the androgen-production (oestrogens) or by blocking the androgen receptor (cyproterone, spironolactone).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D011085 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading. Stein-Leventhal Syndrome,Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome,Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 1,Sclerocystic Ovarian Degeneration,Sclerocystic Ovaries,Sclerocystic Ovary Syndrome,Ovarian Degeneration, Sclerocystic,Ovarian Syndrome, Polycystic,Ovary Syndrome, Polycystic,Ovary, Sclerocystic,Sclerocystic Ovary,Stein Leventhal Syndrome,Syndrome, Polycystic Ovary,Syndrome, Stein-Leventhal
D011944 Receptors, Androgen Proteins, generally found in the CYTOPLASM, that specifically bind ANDROGENS and mediate their cellular actions. The complex of the androgen and receptor migrates to the CELL NUCLEUS where it induces transcription of specific segments of DNA. Androgen Receptors,5 alpha-Dihydrotestosterone Receptor,Androgen Receptor,Dihydrotestosterone Receptors,Receptor, Testosterone,Receptors, Androgens,Receptors, Dihydrotestosterone,Receptors, Stanolone,Stanolone Receptor,Testosterone Receptor,5 alpha Dihydrotestosterone Receptor,Androgens Receptors,Receptor, 5 alpha-Dihydrotestosterone,Receptor, Androgen,Receptor, Stanolone,Stanolone Receptors,alpha-Dihydrotestosterone Receptor, 5
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000152 Acne Vulgaris A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors. Acne
D000726 Androgen Antagonists Compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of androgens. Androgen Antagonist,Antiandrogen,Antiandrogens,Anti-Androgen Effect,Anti-Androgen Effects,Antiandrogen Effect,Antiandrogen Effects,Antagonist, Androgen,Antagonists, Androgen,Anti Androgen Effect,Anti Androgen Effects,Effect, Anti-Androgen,Effect, Antiandrogen,Effects, Anti-Androgen,Effects, Antiandrogen
D000728 Androgens Compounds that interact with ANDROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of TESTOSTERONE. Depending on the target tissues, androgenic effects can be on SEX DIFFERENTIATION; male reproductive organs, SPERMATOGENESIS; secondary male SEX CHARACTERISTICS; LIBIDO; development of muscle mass, strength, and power. Androgen,Androgen Receptor Agonist,Androgen Effect,Androgen Effects,Androgen Receptor Agonists,Androgenic Agents,Androgenic Compounds,Agents, Androgenic,Agonist, Androgen Receptor,Agonists, Androgen Receptor,Compounds, Androgenic,Effect, Androgen,Effects, Androgen,Receptor Agonist, Androgen,Receptor Agonists, Androgen
D059002 Androgen Receptor Antagonists Compounds that bind to and inhibit the activation of ANDROGEN RECEPTORS. Androgen Receptor Antagonist,Antagonist, Androgen Receptor,Antagonists, Androgen Receptor,Receptor Antagonist, Androgen,Receptor Antagonists, Androgen

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