Biomaterial Database

SmTR2/4, a Schistosoma mansoni homologue of TR2/TR4 orphan nuclear receptor. 2006

Rong Hu, and Wenjie Wu, and Edward G Niles, and Philip T LoVerde

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.

cDNA clones encoding a Schistosoma mansoni homologue of the TR2/TR4 group of nuclear receptors, SmTR2/4, were identified by screening an adult female worm cDNA library. SmTR2/4 is a 1,943 amino acid protein, the largest member of the TR2/TR4 group of nuclear receptors and also the largest nuclear receptor reported to date. SmTR2/4 retains a typical domain organisation of nuclear receptors exhibiting 69-77% sequence identity in the DNA binding domain and 16-22% sequence identity in the ligand binding domain compared with its orthologues. SmTR2/4 contains a large A/B domain and hinge region. SmTR2/4 also contains a 100 amino acid F domain, which is absent from its orthologues. SmTR2/4 mRNA is expressed in every stage of the S. mansoni life cycle, exhibiting an elevated expression level in cercariae. Western blot analysis identified two forms of SmTR2/4 protein in adult worms. Our in vitro DNA binding assay showed that SmTR2/4 binds to the DR-3 consensus hormone response element, suggesting a functional conservation among the TR2/TR4 group members in terms of DNA binding specificity. A yeast-based transactivation assay demonstrated that the A/B domain, F domain and N-terminal part of the hinge region in SmTR2/4, when tethered to a GAL4 DNA binding domain, exhibited an autonomous transcription activation function.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008018	Life Cycle Stages	The continuous sequence of changes undergone by living organisms during the post-embryonic developmental process, such as metamorphosis in insects and amphibians. This includes the developmental stages of apicomplexans such as the malarial parasite, PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM.	Life Cycle,Life History Stages,Cycle, Life,Cycles, Life,History Stage, Life,History Stages, Life,Life Cycle Stage,Life Cycles,Life History Stage,Stage, Life Cycle,Stage, Life History,Stages, Life Cycle,Stages, Life History
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D011988	Receptors, Thyroid Hormone	Specific high affinity binding proteins for THYROID HORMONES in target cells. They are usually found in the nucleus and regulate DNA transcription. These receptors are activated by hormones that leads to transcription, cell differentiation, and growth suppression. Thyroid hormone receptors are encoded by two genes (GENES, ERBA): erbA-alpha and erbA-beta for alpha and beta thyroid hormone receptors, respectively.	Diiodotyrosine Receptors,Receptors, Diiodotyrosine,Receptors, Thyroxine,Receptors, Triiodothyronine,T3 Receptors,T4 Receptors,Thyroid Hormone Receptors,Thyroxine Receptors,Triiodothyronine Receptors,DIT Receptors,Diiodotyrosine Receptor,MIT Receptors,Monoiodotyrosine Receptors,Receptors, DIT,Receptors, MIT,Receptors, Monoiodotyrosine,Receptors, T3,Receptors, T4,T3 Receptor,T4 Receptor,Thyroid Hormone Receptor,Thyroxine Receptor
D005260	Female		Females
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001483	Base Sequence	The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.	DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D012550	Schistosoma mansoni	A species of trematode blood flukes of the family Schistosomatidae. It is common in the Nile delta. The intermediate host is the planorbid snail. This parasite causes schistosomiasis mansoni and intestinal bilharziasis.	Schistosoma mansonus,mansonus, Schistosoma
D015533	Transcriptional Activation	Processes that stimulate the GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of a gene or set of genes.	Gene Activation,Genetic Induction,Transactivation,Induction, Genetic,Trans-Activation, Genetic,Transcription Activation,Activation, Gene,Activation, Transcription,Activation, Transcriptional,Genetic Trans-Activation,Trans Activation, Genetic
D015723	Gene Library	A large collection of DNA fragments cloned (CLONING, MOLECULAR) from a given organism, tissue, organ, or cell type. It may contain complete genomic sequences (GENOMIC LIBRARY) or complementary DNA sequences, the latter being formed from messenger RNA and lacking intron sequences.	DNA Library,cDNA Library,DNA Libraries,Gene Libraries,Libraries, DNA,Libraries, Gene,Libraries, cDNA,Library, DNA,Library, Gene,Library, cDNA,cDNA Libraries