Biomaterial Database

Intracranial pressure during wakefulness and sleep in 55 adult patients with chronic hydrocephalus. 2006

Hannes Stephensen, and Magnus Tisell, and Carsten Wikkelsö

Hydrocephalus Research Unit, Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.

OBJECTIVE To record the levels of intracranial pressure (ICP) during wakefulness and sleep in hydrocephalic adults and to correlate the ICP levels with symptoms and degree of improvement after surgical treatment. METHODS ICP and patient behavior were registered overnight (17-26 h) in 29 patients with noncommunicating and 26 with communicating hydrocephalus. Mean ICP was calculated during wakefulness (sitting or lying supine) and during sleep. Clinical symptoms and changes after surgery were scored on a continuous scale. RESULTS Mean ICP during sleep was 13.4 mmHg (11.1-15.7 mmHg) in noncommunicating hydrocephalus versus 10.1 mmHg (8.8-11.4 mmHg) in communicating hydrocephalus (P < 0.001). Patients with idiopathic communicating hydrocephalus had higher ICP, 11.4 mmHg (9.9-12.9 mmHg), than patients with secondary communicating hydrocephalus, 8.6 mmHg (6.5-10.6 mmHg). ICP was higher during sleep than when the patients were awake lying supine, 10.9 mmHg (8.7-13.1 mmHg) in noncommunicating versus 6.8 mmHg (5.3-8.3 mmHg) in communicating hydrocephalus (P < 0.0001). The mean ICP in the sitting position was 2.4 mmHg (0.5-4.3 mmHg) in noncommunicating versus 0.5 mmHg (-0.7-1.8 mmHg) in communicating hydrocephalus. All but one patient with communicating hydrocephalus had a normal ICP (< or = 15 mmHg) versus 20 of the 29 patients with noncommunicating hydrocephalus. ICP levels showed no correlation with either symptoms or improvement after surgery. CONCLUSIONS ICP is higher during sleep than during periods of awake lying supine (P < 0.001) and is not correlated with either symptoms or the rate of improvement after surgery. ICP is normal in most adults with hydrocephalus.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007427	Intracranial Pressure	Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.	Intracerebral Pressure,Subarachnoid Pressure,Intracerebral Pressures,Intracranial Pressures,Pressure, Intracerebral,Pressure, Intracranial,Pressure, Subarachnoid,Pressures, Intracerebral,Pressures, Intracranial,Pressures, Subarachnoid,Subarachnoid Pressures
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D008991	Monitoring, Physiologic	The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.	Patient Monitoring,Monitoring, Physiological,Physiologic Monitoring,Monitoring, Patient,Physiological Monitoring
D011237	Predictive Value of Tests	In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.	Negative Predictive Value,Positive Predictive Value,Predictive Value Of Test,Predictive Values Of Tests,Negative Predictive Values,Positive Predictive Values,Predictive Value, Negative,Predictive Value, Positive
D011379	Prognosis	A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.	Prognostic Factor,Prognostic Factors,Factor, Prognostic,Factors, Prognostic,Prognoses
D011446	Prospective Studies	Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.	Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D002557	Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts	Tubes inserted to create communication between a cerebral ventricle and the internal jugular vein. Their emplacement permits draining of cerebrospinal fluid for relief of hydrocephalus or other condition leading to fluid accumulation in the ventricles.	Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt,Shunt, Cerebrospinal Fluid,Shunts, Cerebrospinal Fluid
D002908	Chronic Disease	Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	Chronic Condition,Chronic Illness,Chronically Ill,Chronic Conditions,Chronic Diseases,Chronic Illnesses,Condition, Chronic,Disease, Chronic,Illness, Chronic
D003399	Craniotomy	Surgical incision into the cranium.	Craniectomy,Craniectomies,Craniotomies