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Escherichia coli induces DNA double-strand breaks in eukaryotic cells. 2006
Jean-Philippe Nougayrède, and
Stefan Homburg, and
Frédéric Taieb, and
Michèle Boury, and
Elzbieta Brzuszkiewicz, and
Gerhard Gottschalk, and
Carmen Buchrieser, and
Jörg Hacker, and
Ulrich Dobrindt, and
Eric Oswald
INRA, UMR1225, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31076, France.
Transient infection of eukaryotic cells with commensal and extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli of phylogenetic group B2 blocks mitosis and induces megalocytosis. This trait is linked to a widely spread genomic island that encodes giant modular nonribosomal peptide and polyketide synthases. Contact with E. coli expressing this gene cluster causes DNA double-strand breaks and activation of the DNA damage checkpoint pathway, leading to cell cycle arrest and eventually to cell death. Discovery of hybrid peptide-polyketide genotoxins in E. coli will change our view on pathogenesis and commensalism and open new biotechnological applications.
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