Biomaterial Database

Screening amblyopia of preschool children with uncorrected vision and stereopsis tests in Eastern Taiwan. 2007

C-H Chang, and R-K Tsai, and M-M Sheu

Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.

AIMS OR PURPOSE: Screening for amblyopia at earliest age is important for early treatment and better prognosis. This study aimed at evaluating the validity of uncorrected distant and near visual acuity and random dot stereopsis for screening amblyopia. METHODS; In Eastern Taiwan, population-based screen tests were performed for children at age from 3 to 6 years. The tests included uncorrected distant and near visions and random dot stereopsis (300 s) test. The screen performers were registered nurses of local public health service posts. The golden standards of the tests were the results of examination by the ophthalmologists. RESULTS Including Hans and aboriginal Taiwanese, 5232 children were included. Screened by distance visual acuity with different cutoffs and near visual acuity, 10.3, 30.3 and 8.2% children were abnormal. Screened by random dot, only 2% children were abnormal. By a senior ophthalmologist, 115 amblyopic children were diagnosed amblyopic. The sensitivities of distance visual acuity with low/high cutoff and near visual acuity were 74.7/84.8 and 49.4%, whereas that of the NTU random dot stereogram was 20.5%. Simultaneous testing of either two of the three tests improved the sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Screening for amblyopia by the local nurses using the visual acuity tests or random dot stereopsis test alone does not display a high sensitivity. Simultaneous testing of distant visual acuity and stereopsis test elevate the sensitivity and preserve the specificity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D010364	Pattern Recognition, Visual	Mental process to visually perceive a critical number of facts (the pattern), such as characters, shapes, displays, or designs.	Recognition, Visual Pattern,Visual Pattern Recognition
D010468	Perceptual Disorders	Cognitive disorders characterized by an impaired ability to perceive the nature of objects or concepts through use of the sense organs. These include spatial neglect syndromes, where an individual does not attend to visual, auditory, or sensory stimuli presented from one side of the body.	Hemispatial Neglect,Hemisensory Neglect,Sensory Neglect,Somatosensory Discrimination Disorder,Discrimination Disorder, Somatosensory,Discrimination Disorders, Somatosensory,Hemisensory Neglects,Hemispatial Neglects,Neglect, Hemisensory,Neglect, Hemispatial,Neglect, Sensory,Neglects, Hemisensory,Perceptual Disorder,Sensory Neglects,Somatosensory Discrimination Disorders
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D003867	Depth Perception	Perception of three-dimensionality.	Stereopsis,Stereoscopic Vision,Depth Perceptions,Perception, Depth,Perceptions, Depth,Stereopses,Stereoscopic Visions,Vision, Stereoscopic,Visions, Stereoscopic
D004812	Epidemiologic Methods	Research techniques that focus on study designs and data gathering methods in human and animal populations.	Epidemiologic Method,Epidemiological Methods,Methods, Epidemiologic,Epidemiological Method,Method, Epidemiologic,Method, Epidemiological,Methods, Epidemiological
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000550	Amblyopia	A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision. Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A discrepancy between visual information received by the visual cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development. STRABISMUS and REFRACTIVE ERRORS may cause this condition. Toxic amblyopia is a disorder of the OPTIC NERVE which is associated with ALCOHOLISM, tobacco SMOKING, and other toxins and as an adverse effect of the use of some medications.	Anisometropic Amblyopia,Lazy Eye,Amblyopia, Developmental,Amblyopia, Stimulus Deprivation-Induced,Amblyopia, Suppression,Stimulus Deprivation-Induced Amblyopia,Amblyopia, Anisometropic,Amblyopia, Stimulus Deprivation Induced,Amblyopias,Amblyopias, Anisometropic,Amblyopias, Developmental,Amblyopias, Stimulus Deprivation-Induced,Amblyopias, Suppression,Anisometropic Amblyopias,Deprivation-Induced Amblyopia, Stimulus,Deprivation-Induced Amblyopias, Stimulus,Developmental Amblyopia,Developmental Amblyopias,Eye, Lazy,Eyes, Lazy,Lazy Eyes,Stimulus Deprivation Induced Amblyopia,Stimulus Deprivation-Induced Amblyopias,Suppression Amblyopia,Suppression Amblyopias