Examining sympathetic nerve activity with microneurography during hypnosis: untangling the effects of central command. 2006

Richard C Robinson, and Harold Crasilneck, and J P Garofalo, and Travis Whitfill
Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA. RichardR@BaylorHealth.edu

Using microelectrode recordings of postganglionic sympatheticaction potentials, the authors studied the effects of hypnotic suggestion on sympathetic outflow targeted to skin during static handgrip exercise. All subjects performed sustained handgrip at 33% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for 2 minutes during 3 consecutive trials. Two subjects randomly assigned to a hypnosis condition received suggestions that the 2nd trial was more difficult and the last trial was less difficult than the first trial. Two subjects randomly assigned to the control condition received no hypnosis or suggestions about task difficulty. In the nonhypnosis condition, skin sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) increased by 6% from baseline during the 2nd trial and 13% from baseline during the 3rd trial. In the hypnosis condition, skin SNA increased by 25% during the 2nd trial (suggestion of increased difficulty) and returned to baseline during the 3rd condition (suggestion of decreased difficulty). Therefore, the impact of central command on skin SNA is suggested by these results.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006990 Hypnosis A state of increased receptivity to suggestion and direction, initially induced by the influence of another person or oneself. Autohypnosis,Clinical Hypnosis,Hypnoanalysis,Mesmerism,Self-Hypnosis,Hypnotherapy,Hypnotism,Hypnosis, Clinical,Hypnotherapies,Self Hypnosis
D011311 Pressoreceptors Receptors in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which are sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls. Baroreceptors,Receptors, Stretch, Arterial,Receptors, Stretch, Vascular,Stretch Receptors, Arterial,Stretch Receptors, Vascular,Arterial Stretch Receptor,Arterial Stretch Receptors,Baroreceptor,Pressoreceptor,Receptor, Arterial Stretch,Receptor, Vascular Stretch,Receptors, Arterial Stretch,Receptors, Vascular Stretch,Stretch Receptor, Arterial,Stretch Receptor, Vascular,Vascular Stretch Receptor,Vascular Stretch Receptors
D012018 Reflex An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
D001921 Brain The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM. Encephalon
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013404 Suggestion The uncritical acceptance of an idea or plan of action. Suggestions
D017779 Sympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic Nerve fibers which project from sympathetic ganglia to synapses on target organs. Sympathetic postganglionic fibers use norepinephrine as transmitter, except for those innervating eccrine sweat glands (and possibly some blood vessels) which use acetylcholine. They may also release peptide cotransmitters. Fiber, Postganglionic Sympathetic,Fibers, Postganglionic Sympathetic,Postganglionic Sympathetic Fiber,Postganglionic Sympathetic Fibers,Sympathetic Fiber, Postganglionic

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