Biomaterial Database

Early development of the primitive cranial vault in the chick embryo. 1990

B Lengelé, and A Dhem, and J Schowing

Human Anatomy Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Louvain, Belgium.

The calcified tissues involved in the early morphogenesis of the cranial vault were studied by microradiographic analysis and histological techniques in 12 chick embryos on the 9th, 12th, and 14th days of incubation. On the 9th day, the frontal, parietal, and squamosal bones are comprised of a thin lamina of chondroid tissue deposited at a short distance from the fibers of the dura mater. Woven bone formation takes place in the calvarial mesenchyme only after the 12th day of incubation and occurs mainly on the external side of the chondroid primordium. The present data obviously indicate that the primitive desmocranium of the chick embryo, which is usually known to be formed by intramembranous ossification, consists first of chondroid tissue. This tissue represents thus the initial modality of skeletogenic differentiation within the cephalic mesenchyme of the cranial vault.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008648	Mesoderm	The middle germ layer of an embryo derived from three paired mesenchymal aggregates along the neural tube.	Mesenchyme,Dorsal Mesoderm,Intermediate Mesoderm,Lateral Plate Mesoderm,Mesenchyma,Paraxial Mesoderm,Dorsal Mesoderms,Intermediate Mesoderms,Lateral Plate Mesoderms,Mesenchymas,Mesoderm, Dorsal,Mesoderm, Intermediate,Mesoderm, Lateral Plate,Mesoderm, Paraxial,Mesoderms, Dorsal,Mesoderms, Intermediate,Mesoderms, Lateral Plate,Mesoderms, Paraxial,Paraxial Mesoderms,Plate Mesoderm, Lateral,Plate Mesoderms, Lateral
D008751	Methylene Blue	A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.	Methylthionine Chloride,Swiss Blue,Basic Blue 9,Chromosmon,Methylene Blue N,Methylthioninium Chloride,Urolene Blue,Blue 9, Basic,Blue N, Methylene,Blue, Methylene,Blue, Swiss,Blue, Urolene
D008852	Microradiography	Production of a radiographic image of a small or very thin object on fine-grained photographic film under conditions which permit subsequent microscopic examination or enlargement of the radiograph at linear magnifications of up to several hundred and with a resolution approaching the resolving power of the photographic emulsion (about 1000 lines per millimeter).	Microradiographies
D009024	Morphogenesis	The development of anatomical structures to create the form of a single- or multi-cell organism. Morphogenesis provides form changes of a part, parts, or the whole organism.
D002113	Calcification, Physiologic	Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.	Bone Mineralization,Calcification, Physiological,Physiologic Calcification,Mineralization, Bone,Physiological Calcification
D002454	Cell Differentiation	Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.	Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D002642	Chick Embryo	The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.	Embryo, Chick,Chick Embryos,Embryos, Chick
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012886	Skull	The SKELETON of the HEAD including the FACIAL BONES and the bones enclosing the BRAIN.	Calvaria,Cranium,Calvarium,Skulls
D013194	Staining and Labeling	The marking of biological material with a dye or other reagent for the purpose of identifying and quantitating components of tissues, cells or their extracts.	Histological Labeling,Staining,Histological Labelings,Labeling and Staining,Labeling, Histological,Labelings, Histological,Stainings